HomeMy WebLinkAboutPacket 01-24-2008 WorkshopCITY COUNCIL WORKSHOP MEETING
WITH THE PLANNING & ZONING BOARD
CITY HALL ANNEX
111 Polk Avenue, Cape Canaveral, Florida
Thursday
January 24, 2008
5:30 PM
AGENDA
CALL TO ORDER:
ROLL CALL:
DISCUSSION:
1. Proposed Chronic Nuisance Ordinance
ADJOURNMENT:
Pursuant to Section 286.0105, Florida Statutes, the City hereby advises the
public that: If a person decides to appeal any decision made by the City Council
with respect to any matter considered at this meeting, that person will need a
record of the proceedings, and for such purpose that person may need to ensure
that a verbatim record of the proceedings is made, which record includes the
testimony and evidence upon which the appeal is to be based. This notice does
not constitute consent by the City for the introduction or admission into evidence
of otherwise inadmissible or irrelevant evidence, nor does it authorize challenges
or appeals not otherwise allowed by law. Persons with disabilities needing
assistance to participate in any of these proceedings should contact the City
Clerk's office (868-1221) 48 hours in advance of the meeting.
105 Polk Avenue — P.O. Box 326 — Cape Canaveral, FL 32920
Telephone (321) 868-1221 — Fax (321) 799-3170 — www.myflorida.com/cape
e-mail: ccapecanaveral@cfl.rr.com
Meeting Type: Workshop
Meeting Date: 01-24-08
AGENDA
Heading
Discussion
Item
excess of two (2) incidents of service within a one (1) year period.
No.
property owner, with possible abatement action by the Code Enforcement Board and City Attorney's office.
AGENDA REPORT
CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CAPE CANAVERAL
SUBJECT: DISCUSSION: CHRONIC NUISANCE ORDINANCE
DEPT/DIVISION: LEGISLATIVE
Requested Action:
City Council continue the review of the proposed ordinance.
Summary Explanation & Background:
The 07-31-07 draft of the Chronic Nuisance Ordinance provides for user charges for nuisance activities in
excess of two (2) incidents of service within a one (1) year period.
I am proposing to add a nuisance abatement provision that will require an abatement agreement with the
property owner, with possible abatement action by the Code Enforcement Board and City Attorney's office.
Cases involving chronic nuisance criminal activity will be worked by the Cape Canaveral Sheriff's Office and
other non -criminal chronic nuisance cases by the Code Enforcement Officer.
See the attached Florida Senate Nuisance Abatement Report and ordinances from the Cities of Tacoma and
Spokane, Washington.
A revised draft ordinance with the abatement provisions will be distributed upon receipt from the City
Attorney's office.
Please advise.
Exhibits Attached:
See attached, with 07-10-07, 08-28-07 and 09-13-07 Workshop Minutes
City Manager's Office
Department LEGISLATIVE
-n cim\mydo omen n\counc-i'±4MleQ4a-ng'\ZUUU\U1-z4-Ub\cnronicnuisance.doc
Draft July 31, 2007
ORDINANCE NO. -2007
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF CAPE CANAVERAL,
FLORIDA, AMENDING CHAPTER 2, ARTICLE VI, OF
THE CAPE CANAVERAL CODE OF ORDINANCES
REGARDING CODE ENFORCEMENT; CREATING A
NEW DIVISION REGARDING CHRONIC NUISANCE
PROPERTIES; ESTABLISHING A REASONABLE
NUMBER OF NUISANCE ACTIVITY CALLS PER
PROPERTY IN ANY ONE (1) YEAR PERIOD AND
SETTING FORTH USER CHARGES FOR NUISANCE
ACTIVITIES CALLS IN EXCESS OF THE REASONABLE
NUMBER; AUTHORIZING A LIEN TO BE FILED FOR
FAILURE OF REAL PROPERTY OWNERS TO PAY USER
CHARGES; PROVIDING FOR APPEALS; PROVIDING
FOR THE REPEAL OF PRIOR INCONSISTENT
ORDINANCES AND RESOLUTIONS; INCORPORATION
INTO THE CODE; SEVERABILITY; AND AN EFFECTIVE
DATE.
WHEREAS, the City is granted the authority, under Section 2(b), Article VIII, of the
State Constitution, to exercise any power for municipal purposes, except when expressly
prohibited by law; and
WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Cape Canaveral desires to ensure that the
citizens of Cape Canaveral enjoy a high quality of life and may peacefully enjoy the beauty of the
City; and
WHEREAS, by taking every reasonable action available under law to remediate and
prevent nuisances, the City Council can protect the citizens of Cape Canaveral and facilitate the
peaceful and harmonious lifestyle provided by the City; and
WHEREAS, certain properties located within the City of Cape Canaveral, due to their
appearance or condition or due to activities taking place at said properties, generate more than the
average number of law enforcement or code enforcement calls in response to said appearance,
condition or activities at said properties; and
WHEREAS, excessive law enforcement or code enforcement calls to the same properties
place an undue and inappropriate burden on the taxpayers of the City of Cape Canaveral and
create chronic nuisances; and
WHEREAS, section 166.201, Florida Statutes, provides that a municipality may raise, by
user charges or fees authorized by ordinance, amounts of money which are necessary for the
Page 1 of 8
City of Cape Canaveral
Ordinance No. -2007
Draft July 31, 2007
conduct of municipal government and may enforce their receipt and collection in the manner
prescribed by ordinance not inconsistent with law; and
WHEREAS, in order to recover the costs incurred by the City in responding to the repeat
law enforcement or code enforcement issues on the same properties, the City Council desires to
charge the owners of the properties at which these chronic nuisance activities repeatedly occur
under the terms set forth in this ordinance; and
WHEREAS, the City Council finds that the user charges set forth herein are reasonable
and appropriate and reasonably relate to the costs incurred by the City in responding to and
remedying the law enforcement or code enforcement issues created by these chronic nuisance
properties; and
WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Cape Canaveral, Florida, hereby finds this
Ordinance to be in the best interests of the public health, safety, and welfare of the citizens of
Cape Canaveral.
BE IT ORDAINED by the City Council of the City of Cape Canaveral, Brevard
County, Florida, as follows:
Section 1. Recitals. The foregoing recitals are hereby fully incorporated herein by
this reference as legislative findings and the intent and purpose of the City Council of the City of
Cape Canaveral.
Section 2. Code Amendment. Chapter 2, Administration, of the Code of
Ordinances, City of Cape Canaveral, Florida, is hereby amended as follows (underlined type
indicates additions and st-Fikeettt type indicates deletions, while asterisks (* * *) indicate a
deletion from this Ordinance of text existing in Chapter 2. It is intended that the text in Chapter
2 denoted by the asterisks and set forth in this Ordinance shall remain unchanged from the
language existing prior to adoption of this Ordinance):
CHAPTER 2. ADMINISTRATION
ARTICLE VI. CODE ENFORCEMENT
DIVISION 3. CODE ENFORCEMENT CITATIONS
Page 2 of 8
City of Cape Canaveral
Ordinance No. -2007
Draft July 31, 2007
DIVISION 4. CHRONIC NUISANCE PROPERTY
Sec. 2-292. Purpose and intent.
The purpose of this division is to ensure that the citizens of Cape Canaveral enjoy a high
quality of life and the beauty of the City by discouraging repeat law enforcement and/or code
enforcement responses to the same properties in the City of Cqpe Canaveral. Properties causing
an inordinate number of law enforcement and/or code enforcement responses to certain activities
or conditions existing at said properties unduly and inappropriately burden the taxpayers of the
City of Cqpe Canaveral. As such, it is the intent of the City Council to impose the financial
burden resulting from the repeat law enforcement or code enforcement responses on the property
owners necessitating said responses.
Sec. 2-293. Definitions.
As used in this division, the following terms shall have the following meanings, unless
the context clearly indicates that a different meaning is intended:
City means the City of Cape Canaveral, Florida.
City manager means the city manager of the City of Cqpe Canaveral or the city manager's
designee.
Consumption of law enforcement services means the presence of one or more certified
law enforcement officer(s) or code enforcement officer(s) ployed or retained by the city on a
unit of real property. The presence may be caused by the request of any person upon the real
property or information developed by the law enforcement agency or the city code enforcement
office from any source warranting a response to the real property. Excluded from this definition
are courtesy inspections, criminal investigations of matters not arising from or connected with
the real property and paid off-duty details of law enforcement officers.
Incident of service means each time one or more law enforcement officer or city code
enforcement officer commences and completes a response to an identifiable unit of real property
as recorded in a written report of the law enforcement officer or code enforcement officer setting
forth the time the officers were present upon the real property. Incidents of service shall not
include law enforcement or code enforcement responses to false reports of nuisance activity
made with the intent of harassing the real property owner(s). Further, incidents of service shall
not include responses to criminal activity that commence elsewhere and subsequently come upon
a unit of real property despite reasonable efforts of persons responsible for the unit of real
property to exclude it.
Page 3 of 8
City of Cape Canaveral
Ordinance No. -2007
Draft July 31, 2007
Unit of real property means any contiguous lands within the city which are under
common ownership or are devoted to a single use whichever is greater. Common ownership
shall include all entities from which the same natural or fictitious person or people have ultimate
benefit Contiguous land shall include those separated by easements, sidewalks, alleys, right-of-
ways and water bodies.
One (1) year period means any consecutive 365-dayperiod.
Nuisance activity means any activity, behavior or conduct whenever engaged in by real
property owners operators occupants or persons associated with a real property that could be
enforced by means of a proceeding before the city's code enforcement board, through nuisance
abatement or relatingto o any actions or offenses relating to the following subject matter:
(1) Firearms and weapons;
(2) False alarms;
(3) Harassment of a neighbor, disorderly conduct, or disturbing the peace;
(4) Battery, substantial battery or aggravated battery;
(5) Indecent exposure;
(6) Keeping a place of prostitution or otherwise using the real property for the
purpose of prostitution;
(7) Littering, solid waste or public health;
(8) Arson;
(9) Possession manufacture or delivery of a controlled or illegal substance or related
offenses;
(10) Gambling;.
(11) Domestic animals or fowl;
(12) Trespass to land or criminal trespass to a dwelling;
(13) Production or creation of excessive noise or vibration;
(14) LoitgdM
Page 4 of 8
City of Cape Canaveral
Ordinance No. -2007
Draft July 31, 2007
(15) Public drinking and other matters relating to alcoholic beverages;
(16) Parking;
(17) Unpermitted or illegal business;
(18) Selling, ori�g away tobacco products to underage persons;
(19) Illegal sale, discharge and use of fireworks;
(20) Junk vehicles;
(21 ) Any action deemed a nuisance under state law,
(22) Any action constituting a violation of the city code which could be enforced by
the provisions of Chapter 2 Article VI, related to Code Enforcement;
(23) Act of aiding and abetting of the activities, behaviors or conduct enumerated in
this division; or
(24)Conspiracy to commit or attempt to commit any of the activities, behaviors or
conduct enumerated in this division.
Person associated with means any person who whenever engaged in a nuisance activity,
enters patronizes visits or attempts to enter, patronize or visit or waits to enter, patronize or
visit a real property or person present on a real property including but not limited to any officer,
director, customer, agent, employee or independent contractor of a real property owner.
Sec. 2-294. Consumption of law enforcement services; user charges imposed.
(a) The city council has determined that the following consumption of law
enforcement services is reasonable and allowable within any given one (1) year period:
Type of Property:
Single-family resident or duplex..........
Multi -family residences, including:
Apartments; hotels, motels..........
Businesses..........
Resort dwellings or resort condominiums............
Page 5 of 8
City of Cape Canaveral
Ordinance No. -2007
One (1) Year Period Allowance:
2 incidents of service
2 incidents of service
2 incidents of service
2 incidents of service
Draft July 31, 2007
(b) The city council has determined that consumption of law enforcement services in
excess of the one (1) year period allowance of incidents of service as set forth herein shall
be subject to a reasonable user charge as follows:
(1) No user charge shall be assessed for the first two (2) incidents of service
pertaining to a nuisance activityiany one (1) year period.
(2) The third incident of service pertaining to a nuisance activity in any one
(1) year period shall result in a $250.00 user charge being assessed to the owner of
the unit of real property on which the nuisance activity has occurred.
(3) The fourth incident of service pertaining to a nuisance activity in one
(1) year period and every incident of service thereafter within said one (1) year
period shall result in a $500.00 user charge being assessed to the owner of the
unit of real property on which the nuisance activity has occurred.
Sec. 2-295. Notification of the nuisance activity procedures.
(a) Whenever the city manager determines that consumption of law enforcement
services for nuisance activities occurring at a unit of real property exceeds the one (1)
year allowance of incidents of service the city anager shall notify the owner of the real
property, in writing that the real property has became a chronic nuisance. Delivery of
said notice shall be deemed sufficient if completed in the manner provided for in section
162.12, Florida Statutes, as may be amended.
(b) The notice shall be on a form approved by the city manager and shall contain the
following:
(1) The street address legal description or parcel identification number
assigned by the county propertyqppraiser,
(2) A description of the nuisance activities that have occurred at the unit of
real property, including the dates of the incidents of service;
(3) A statement indicating that a user charge is being assessed against the
owner of the unit of real property and the amount of the user charge;
(4) A notice that the real property owner has the right to appeal the city
manager's determination that the unit of real property constitutes a chronic
nuisance and that such appeal shall be submitted, in writing, within ten (10 )
calendar days of receipt of said notice;
Sec. 2-296. Appeals.
Page 6 of 8
City of Cape Canaveral
Ordinance No. -2007
Draft July 31, 2007
(a) The chronic nuisance determination of the city manager assessing a user charge to
a real property owner pursuant to this division may be appealed to the city council. Any
real property owner desiring to appeal the city manager's determination shall file with the
city manager a notice of appeal in writing, no later than ten (10) calendar days after the is
delivered, received, or posted.
(b) If a notice of appeal is filed within the ten-day limit and as otherwise provided
above the city council shall consider the request and make a determination on the appeal
within 30 days from the date of the notice of appeal, or as soon thereafter as is
practicable The real property owner requestingthe he appeal shall be provided notice of the
city council hearing at least seven (7) days prior to the hearing.
(c) The city council shall hear and consider evidence offered by the real property
owner to determine whether the city manager properly determined that the unit of real
property constitutes a chronic nuisance under the provisions of this division. The formal
rules of evidence do not apply.
(d) The city council shall grant or deny the appeal by majority vote in accordance
with the council's quorum requirements contained in the city charter. Failure to reach a
majority vote will result in denial of the appeal. Any dispute of fact must be decided
based on competent and substantial evidence. The decision of the city council is final.
Sec. 2-297. Filing of liens.
The user charges assessed pursuant to this division shall constitute a lien upon the unit of
real property. Upon expiration of the appeal period (either after the time period expires without a
notice of appeal being made or after the appeal is finally determined by the city council), the user
charge is due and owing Upon failure of the real property owner to pay the amount charged, the
city may file a notice of lien in the public records of the county.
Sec. 2-298. Reports; administrative rules.
(a) The city manager shall provide an annual report to the city council apprising the
city council of the success of the programs set forth in this division and any matters
relating thereto.
(b) The city manager is hereby authorized to promulgate administrative procedures to
implement the provisions of this division to include but not be limited to, the assessment
of fees for applications and appeals as set forth in this division. Procedures adopted by the
city manager shall be provided to the city council upon adoption.
Sec. 2-299. Reserved.
Page 7 of 8
City of Cape Canaveral
Ordinance No. -2007
Draft July 31, 2007
Section 3. Repeal of Prior Inconsistent Ordinances and Resolutions. All prior
inconsistent ordinances and resolutions adopted by the City Council, or parts of prior ordinances
and resolutions in conflict herewith, are hereby repealed to the extent of the conflict.
Section 4. Incorporation Into Code. This Ordinance shall be incorporated into the
Cape Canaveral City Code and any section or paragraph, number or letter, and any heading may
be changed or modified as necessary to effectuate the foregoing. Grammatical, typographical,
and like errors may be corrected and additions, alterations, and omissions, not affecting the
construction or meaning of this ordinance and the City Code may be freely made.
Section 5. Severability. If any section, subsection, sentence, clause, phrase, word or
provision of this Ordinance is for any reason held invalid or unconstitutional by any court of
competent jurisdiction, whether for substantive, procedural, or any other reason, such portion
shall be deemed a separate, distinct and independent provision, and such holding shall not affect
the validity of the remaining portions of this Ordinance.
Section 6. Effective Date. This Ordinance shall become effective immediately upon
adoption by the City Council of the City of Cape Canaveral, Florida.
ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of Cape Canaveral, Florida, this day of
, 2007.
ROCKY RANDELS, Mayor
ATTEST: For Against
SUSAN STILLS, City Clerk
First Reading:
Legal Ad published:
Second Reading:
Approved as to legal form and sufficiency for
the City of Cape Canaveral only:
ANTHONY A. GARGANESE, City Attorney
Bob Hoog
Leo Nicholas
Buzz Petsos
Rocky Randels
C. Shannon Roberts
Page 8 of 8
City of Cape Canaveral
Ordinance No. -2007
The Florida Senate
Interim Project Report 2004-122
November 2003
Committee on Comprehensive Planning James E. "Jim" King, Jr., President
NUISANCE ABATEMENT
SUMMARY
Local governments may establish nuisance abatement
boards to hear complaints of a public nuisance
involving a number of illegal activities such as drug
use and prostitution. Section 893.138, F.S., provides
specific criteria that a property must meet before a local
government may declare the property a public
nuisance. After declaring the property a nuisance, a
board may order the property owner to take necessary
steps to eliminate the nuisance. Under this provision,
some local governments have ordered the temporary
closure of a property.
The takings issue is a concern for some local
governments that have temporarily closed a property to
abate a nuisance. Nationwide, courts have reviewed
nuisance abatement laws to determine if a temporary
closure constitutes a compensable taking. Some courts
have applied the rule of Lucas v. South Carolina
Coastal Councils in which the U. S. Supreme Court
held that a regulatory action of government depriving a
property owner of all economically beneficial uses
requires compensation. The Lucas court also fashioned
a nuisance exception to this rule.
The Florida Supreme Court in Keshbro, Inc. v. City of
Miami1 recognized Florida law is well settled that an
injunction to abate a nuisance must be narrowly
tailored to abate the specific objectionable conduct.
The facts before the court resulted from the
consolidation of two cases. In Keshbro, the court found
the record adequate to support a temporary closure and,
thus, no compensation was required. However, the
court determined the record in Kablinger3 lacked
evidence that the business activity was inseparable
from the illegal conduct and, therefore, the court
' 505 U.S. 1003 (1992).
2 801 So. 2d 864 (Fla. 2001).
3 City of St. Petersburg v. Kablinger, 730 So. 2d 409 (Fla.
2d DCA 1999) consolidated with Keshbro, Inc. v. City of
Miami, 717 So. 2d 601 (Fla. 3d DCA 1998).
ordered compensation for the period of closure. Based
on this decision, legislation was filed in 2003 to
address the takings issue as it relates to nuisance
abatement boards. However, this legislation did not
pass.
Staff submitted a survey to Florida's municipalities and
counties requesting information on the success of
nuisance abatement boards, any problems with the
boards, and suggested revisions. In general, the
respondents indicated that property owners either take
appropriate steps to eliminate a nuisance after receiving
notice of a complaint or bring the property into
compliance with a board's orders following a hearing.
The survey respondents suggested several changes to s.
893.138, F.S. Staff also consulted with representatives
of organizations representing property owners
potentially affected by nuisance abatement boards.
BACKGROUND
The issue of nuisance abatement is a concern for some
local governments. Public nuisance complaints often
involve illegal activity such as drug use, prostitution,
dealing in stolen property, and criminal activity by
street gangs. Currently, s. 893.138, F.S., allows local
governments to establish a nuisance abatement board to
hear public nuisance complaints. These boards may
take various administrative actions to abate a drug-
related, prostitution -related, or stolen -property related
public nuisance and criminal street gang activity,
including a temporary closure of the property. Section
60.05, F. S., also provides a process for citizens and the
city or county attorney to petition for a temporary
injunction to abate a public nuisance. For other types of
public nuisances such as the disposal of dead animals,
the abandonment of refrigerators and other appliances,
and abandoned or derelict vessels, ch. 823, F.S.,
provides penalties for the maintenance of those
nuisances.
2
Specifically, s. 893.138, F.S., authorizes a local
government to create an administrative board to
address public nuisances. The board may impose
administrative fines and penalties to abate a nuisance
when a pending or repeated violation continues at a
particular property. Those properties subject to the
board include any place or premises that has been used
for the following:
➢ on more than two occasions within a 6 -month
period as the site of a violation of s. 796.07,
F.S., that prohibits prostitution;
➢ on more than two occasions within a 6 -month
period as a site for the unlawful sale, delivery,
manufacture, or cultivation of a controlled
substance;
➢ on one occasion as the site of a felony
involving the unlawful possession of a
controlled substance and that has been
previously used as the site for the unlawful
sale, delivery, manufacture, or cultivation of a
controlled substance;
➢ by a criminal street gang for a pattern of
criminal street gang activity as defined in s.
874.03, F.S.; or
➢ on more than two occasions within a 6 -month
period for a violation of s. 812.019, F.S.,
relating to stolen property.
Properties that meet the above criteria may be declared
a public nuisance and the nuisance may be abated
using the procedures in this section of law.4 Section
893.138(3), F.S., allows a county or municipality to
create, by ordinance, an administrative board to hear
nuisance complaints.
Under existing provisions, an employee or officer of
the local government, or a resident within its
jurisdiction, may file a complaint with the board not
less than 3 days after giving written notice of the
complaint to the property owner at his or her last
known address. The board must then hold a hearing at
which it may consider any evidence, including
evidence that goes to the reputation of the property.
During the hearing, the property owner shall be given
an opportunity to present evidence in his or her
defense. The board, after hearing the evidence, may
declare the property a nuisance.5
Should the board declare the property a nuisance, the
board may enter an order requiring the property owner
to adopt procedures to abate the nuisance as
appropriate under the circumstances. In addition, the
4S. 893.138(2), F.S.
s S. 893.138(3), F.S.
Nuisance Abatement
board may enter an order prohibiting the maintaining of
the nuisance; the operating or maintaining of the
property, including the closure of the premises or any
part thereof; or the conduct, operation, or maintaining
of any business or activity on the property that is
conducive to a public nuisance. Any such order issued
by the board shall expire after 1 year or earlier as
specified in the order. The order may be enforced
according to the provisions of s. 120.69, F.S. However,
this provision does not subject the municipality or the
board it creates to abate public nuisances to ch. 120,
F.S.6
Specifically, s. 120.69, F.S., allows the local
government to seek enforcement of the nuisance
abatement board's order by filing a petition in circuit
court. Upon entering an order on a petition for
enforcement, the court may award all or part of the
litigation costs, reasonable attorney fees, and expert
witness fees to the prevailing party as the court deems
appropriate. 7
This section of law allowing the creation of
administrative boards does not prohibit the local
government from proceeding by any other means
against a public nuisance. For example, the local
government may supplement the provisions contained
in s. 893.138, F.S., with an ordinance. Such an
ordinance may establish additional penalties for
maintaining a public nuisance with those fines not to
exceed $250 per day. Also, the fines may provide for
the payment of reasonable costs, including attorney
fees resulting from the investigation of and hearing on
a public nuisance complaint, and provide for
continuing jurisdiction over a nuisance property for a
period of 1 year.8
A local ordinance may establish penalties for a
recurring public nuisance not to exceed $500 per day.
It may allow for the recording of orders relating to
public nuisances so that subsequent purchasers,
successors in interest, or assigns of the property have
notice of the nuisance. Total fines imposed against a
property owner pursuant to this section for a public
nuisance or recurring public nuisance may not exceed
$15,000.9
An ordinance can provide that recorded orders on a
public nuisance may become a lien against the real
6S. 893.138(4), F.S.
S. 120.69(7), F.S.
a S. 893.138(10), F.S.
9 S. 893.138(10), F.S.
Nuisance Abatement
property that is the subject of the order. Under a local
ordinance, a property subject to a lien may be
foreclosed on to recover all costs, including reasonable
attorney fees, related to the recording of the order and
the foreclosure. 10 However, a homestead property as
defined in s. 4, Art. X of the State Constitution is not
subject to foreclosure.
Should a local government bring an administrative
action against a public nuisance based on dealing in
stolen property and there are multiple tenants at the site
who conduct their own retail business, the property
owner shall not be subject to a lien against his or her
property if the owner evicts the business that has been
declared to be a nuisance. This eviction must occur
within 90 days after the property owner receives
notification by registered mail that the tenant has a
second stolen property conviction.
Temporary Injunctions and Abatement of
Nuisances — A nuisance abatement board is
authorized to file a complaint under s. 60.05, F.S. and
seek temporary and injunctive relief against a property
owner for any activity that may be declared a nuisance
under the criteria listed above. Also, the provision of
law authorizing the creation of an administrative board
to address public nuisances does not restrict the right of
any person to proceed under s. 60.05, F.S., against a
public nuisance.
The Attorney General, state attorney, city attorney,
county attorney, or any citizen of the county may sue to
enjoin a nuisance, the person maintaining the nuisance,
and the property owner under s. 60.05, F.S. If the
evidence supports a temporary injunction, the court
may enjoin:
➢ the maintenance of the nuisance;
➢ the operation and maintenance of the site
where the illegal activity is occurring;
➢ the owner of the site of the nuisance; and
➢ the operation of a business or activity in a
structure on the property if connected with the
maintenance of the nuisance.
Such an injunction may not preclude the operation of a
lawful business that is not conducive to the
maintenance of the nuisance. Three day's notice is
required of the time and place of application for a
temporary injunction.I I
Evidence that speaks to the general reputation of the
property is admissible. If a citizen files suit and the
10 S. 893.138(10), F.S.
11 S. 60.05(2), F.S.
Page 3
complaint is not dismissed, the state attorney shall
proceed with the complaint. Should the court determine
there was no reasonable ground to file suit, costs are
taxed to the citizen. 12
If the evidence shows a nuisance exists, the court shall
issue a permanent injunction and the costs are taxed to
the person establishing or maintaining the nuisance.
These costs are a lien on the personal property found at
the site of the nuisance and then attach to the real
property occupied by the nuisance. Also, the court may
evict a tenant for certain illegal activities if the tenant
and property owner are parties to the nuisance
abatement action and the eviction will effectively abate
the nuisance. 13
Adequate Opportunity to Abate the Nuisance —
The Second District Court of Appeal recently
addressed the issue of what constitutes sufficient
opportunity to abate a public nuisance prior to a
nuisance abatement board imposing sanctions in
Powell v. City of Sarasota. 14 The petitioners in this
case, owners of a residential rental property, appealed
an order by the city's nuisance abatement board
imposing administrative and investigative costs. The
city presented evidence to the board during a hearing
that a confidential informant had purchased drugs on
three occasions on the petitioner's property from their
tenant. At the time the petitioners appeared before the
board, the tenant had already moved out of petitioner's
rental property.
The board in the Powell case did not declare the
property a public nuisance, but did impose costs on the
petitioners and maintained continuing jurisdiction over
the property as part of the board's order. The Second
District Court of Appeal quashed the board's order,
holding the petitioners were not given an adequate
opportunity to abate the nuisance. The court explained
adequate notice consists of notice that a nuisance is
occurring and a reasonable period of time to eliminate
the illegal activity. 15
Takings Jurisprudence and Nuisance Abatement—
The United States Supreme Court, in Lucas v. South
Carolina Coastal Council, 16 applied a "categorical rule
S. 60.05(3), F.S.
13 S. 60.05(4) - (5), F.S.
14 Powell v. City of Sarasota, No. 2D03-33 (Fla. 2d DCA
Oct. 15, 2003).
15 See id. at 2, citing Maple Manor, Inc. v. City of
Sarasota, 813 So. 2d. 204, 207 (Fla. 2d DCA 2002).
16 505 U.S. 1003 (1992).
4
of compensation". This rule requires federal and state
governments to compensate a property owner when
that government's regulation deprives the property
owner of any economically beneficial use of the
property.
The Lucas case involved the owner of two residential
lots on a barrier island in South Carolina. He bought
the lots in 1986 for the purpose of building single
family homes on the adjacent parcels. The State
enacted the Beachfront Management Act that
prohibited the building of a habitable structure on the
lots. The property owner filed suit, contending that the
newly enacted legislation deprived him of all
economically beneficial use of his property even if the
statute was based on the lawful exercise of police
power." The Supreme Court of South Carolina held
that a regulation designed to "prevent serious public
harm" does not require compensation regardless of its
effect on a property's value.18 The U.S. Supreme Court
reversed and held that a regulation depriving the
property owner of all economically beneficial use of
the property requires compensation unless the
proscribed use was not part of the title.19
This categorical rule does not take into account
whether the property owner is at fault, whether the
specific remedies ordered by a nuisance abatement
board are reasonably related to abating the nuisance,
and whether the public benefit derived from abating the
nuisance warrants the severity of the remedy to the
property owner. 20 However, the Lucas court stated a
nuisance exception to this rule does not require a
government to compensate property owners if the
regulation at issue prohibits a nuisance which renders
the property unusable.
Courts across the country have dealt with the issue
differently. Some state courts have developed a variety
of rules to evaluate whether a government regulation
allowing the abatement of nuisances is a compensable
taking. Other states have upheld their nuisance
abatement laws and forced property owners to
eliminate the nuisance or face a closure or demolition
notwithstanding the property owner's innocence.
" See id.. at 1003.
18 See id. at 1010, citing, inter alia, Mugler v. Kansas, 123
U.S. 623 (1887).
19Lucas, 505 U.S. at 1027.
20 Carmon Harvey, Protecting the Innocent Property
Owner: Takings Law in the Nuisance Abatement Context
(Dec. 22, 2002) (unpublished manuscript, on file with the
Temple Law Review).
Nuisance Abatement
Relying on Lucas, some states have held that a
temporary closure for the purpose of nuisance
abatement results in the deprivation of all economically
beneficial use of the property and is, therefore, a
compensable taking.'
The Florida Supreme Court is among the minority of
state courts that have applied Lucas and yet avoided a
strict application of its nuisance exception, but rather
considered the severity of the remedy ordered by a
nuisance abatement board. These courts have
recognized the state's ability to regulate nuisances to
protect public health, safety, and welfare. However,
these courts have also considered whether a temporary
closure to abate a nuisance is a compensable taking,
whether the property owner is at fault, whether the
remedy ordered by a nuisance abatement board is
narrowly tailored to eliminate the illegal activity, and
whether there is an appropriate balance between the
temporary deprivation of property rights with the
public benefit derived from abating the nuisance. 23
The U.S. Supreme Court addressed the issue of
whether a temporary moratoria on development during
the process of creating a comprehensive land use plan
effected a compensable taking in Tahoe -Sierra
Preservation Council v. Tahoe Regional Planning
Agency.24 This case involved two building moratoria by
the Tahoe Regional Planning Agency that totaled 32
months. Property owners affected by the moratoria
filed suit contending the temporary building moratoria
constituted a taking without compensation.25 The
Court focused its analysis on the categorical rule of
Lucas and the ad hoc analysis required by Penn
Central Transportation Co. v. New York City. 26
The Penn Central case provided for an analysis of a
number of factors including a regulation's economic
effect on a property owner, the extent of any
interference with a property owner's investment -
backed expectations, and the nature or character of the
21 See id.
22 See id.
zs Cf. Milton A. "Al" Galbraith, Jr., The Future of
Nuisance Abatement Boards in Light of Tahoe -Sierra
Preservation Council, City, County and Local
Government Law Section, 25th Annual Local Government
Law in Florida Seminar, May 10-11, 2002 (discussing the
application of the Lucas categorical rule to nuisance
abatement cases).
24 535 U.S. 302 (2002).
25 See id. at 306-07.
26 535 U.S. 302 (2002).
Nuisance Abatement
government's action."27 This type of analysis permits a
"careful examination and weighing of all the relevant
circumstances."28 The Court clarified that the
categorical rule in Lucas is applicable to only those
extraordinary cases where a regulation permanently
deprives a property of all value. The Court reiterated
that a regulatory takings analysis requires a "fact -
specific inquiry. ,29 Upon further review, the Court
declined to create a new categorical rule for
circumstances in which an individual property owner
bears the burden that should be borne by the public as a
whole .30 The Court concluded that "the interest in
`fairness and justice' will be best served by relying on
the familiar Penn Central approach" and affirmed the
lower court's ruling that the temporary moratoria did
not constitute a taking.31
Florida Case Law — In 2001, the Florida Supreme
Court accepted Keshbro, Inc. v. City of Miami 2 and
City of St. Petersburg v. Kablinger 33 for review and
consolidated those cases. The issue before the court
was whether the temporary closures effected by the
respective nuisance abatement boards and their
corresponding city code provisions to abate public
nuisances constituted a compensable taking. 34 As a
requisite matter, the court made a determination of the
appropriate takings analysis given the facts of these
cases.3s
In City of Miami v. Keshbro, the petitioner, Keshbro,
Inc., owned and operated a 57 -unit motel. The City of
Miami's nuisance abatement board closed the property
in 1992 for 1 year based on drug use and prostitution -
related violations. Petitioner reopened the motel in
1993 and the same illegal activities began to occur. The
city served the petitioner notice in 1996 that the motel
again constituted a public nuisance based on the drug -
and prostitution -related activities and cited at least 8
arrests involving those activities. The petitioner agreed
to a partial closure of the motel. Four months later, the
nuisance abatement board, at a status hearing, ordered
27 See id. at 315, citing, Palazzolo v. Rhode Island, 533
U.S. 606, 617 (2001).
28 Tahoe -Sierra Preservation Council, 535 U.S. at 322,
citing, Palazzalo, 533 U.S. at 636.
29 Tahoe Sierra Preservation Council, 535 U.S. at 332.
3o See id. at 342.
3' See id. at 342.
32 717 So. 2d 601 (Fla. 3d DCA 1998).
33 730 So. 2d 409 (Fla. 2d DCA 1999).
34 Keshbro, Inc. v. City of Miami, 801 So. 2d 864, 866
(Fla. 2001).
31 See id. at 867.
an additional 7 rooms closed because of incidents of
the same illegal activities. Following 3 arrests for the
sale of cocaine on the motel premises, the board
ordered the entire motel closed for 6 months in 1997.
The petitioner in Keshbro responded to the closure by
filing for injunctive and declaratory relief and inverse
condemnation. The circuit court granted the
petitioner's motion for summary judgment on the
inverse condemnation claim. Following the city's
appeal, the Third District Court of Appeal reversed the
summary judgment on the authority of Lucas v. South
Carolina Coastal Council. The court held the nuisance
abatement board's order did deprive petitioner of all
economically beneficial uses of the property, but the
uses prohibited by the board's order, such as
prostitution and drug use, are not entitled to protection
at common law and are not part of the bundle of rights
acquired with title. 36
In Kablinger, the city's nuisance abatement board
ordered an apartment closed in 1993 based on at least 2
occurrences of the sale of cocaine within a 6 -month
period. The corporation that owned the apartment
complex assigned its interest in 1995 to Kablinger, the
petitioner. In 1997, the petitioner sued the city for
inverse condemnation based on the 1993 closure. The
trial court granted petitioner's motion for summary
judgment and the city appealed. The Second District
Court of Appeal affirmed the trial court's granting of
summaryjudgment and certified conflict with Keshbro.
The Florida Supreme Court accepted the cases based
on conflict jurisdiction. 37
Both the appeal courts in the Keshbro and Kablinger
decisions relied on Lucas. 38 In Lucas, the U.S.
Supreme Court recognized that regulatory action
requires compensation where the regulation results in
(1) the property suffering a physical invasion or (2) the
property owner is deprived of all beneficial or
productive use of the land. 39 According to the Lucas
court, a state can only avoid compensating the property
owner if the regulation at issue prohibits uses that are
not associated with title. 40 The U.S. Supreme Court
stated earlier in First English Evangelical Lutheran
Church v. County of Los Angeles 41 that "[t]emporary
takings which, as here, deny a landowner all use of his
" See id. at 867-68.
37 See id. at 868-69.
38 See id. at 869.
39 505 U.S. 1003, 1015 (1992).
40 See id. at 1017-18.
4' 482 U.S. 304 (1987).
property, are not different in kind from permanent
takings, for which the Constitution clearly requires
compensation."42
Reviewing the facts of Keshbro and Kablinger, the
Florida Supreme Court determined the nuisance
abatement board orders in question "rendered the
properties economically idle". 43 The Court then looked
to see if the cities had identified any "background
principles of nuisance and property law that prohibit
the uses." 44 The Lucas court stated that "[a] regulation
so restricting the use of property can `do no more than
duplicate the result that could have been achieved in
the courts—by adjacent landowners (or other uniquely
affected persons) under the State's law of private
nuisance, or by the State under its complementary
power to abate nuisances that affect the public
generally, or otherwise."' 45 Therefore, the Court
focused in Keshbro on whether the order sought the
same relief that could have been obtained by an
adjacent landowner of uniquely affected party under
Florida's nuisance abatement law and the
complementary powers of local government. 46
Florida law is well settled that an injunction issued to
abate a public nuisance "must be specifically tailored to
abate the objectionable conduct, without unnecessarily
infringing upon the conduct of a lawful enterprise." 47
Applying this principle to the cases at hand, the
operation of the motel in Keshbro was found by the
Third District Court of Appeal to be inexplicably
intertwined with illegal drug and prostitution activities.
The record demonstrated the city's patience in abating
the nuisance. However, the illegal activities persisted
despite the city's efforts. Thus, the court held that the
petitioner in Keshbro was not entitled to a summary
judgment on inverse condemnation. 48
In contrast, the Kablinger case lacked an integral
connection between the illegal activity and the
apartment complex. The closure order was issued in
this case after the apartment had been the site of at least
2 cocaine sales. The Court found the Kablinger record
lacked evidence that the sale of illegal drugs was
inseparable from the operation of the apartment
42 Keshbro, 801 So. 2d at 871, citing First English, 482
U.S. at 318.
43 Keshbro, 801 So. 2d at 875.
44 See id. at 875, citing Lucas, 505 U.S. at 1031.
4s Lucas, 505 U.S. at 1031.
46 Keshbro, 801 U.S. at 875-76.
47 See id. at 876.
41 See id.
Nuisance Abatement
complex. Therefore, the Court affirmed the summary
judgment based on inverse condemnation. 49
Proposed 2003 Legislation — During the 2003
Regular Session, Senate Bill 2118 proposed several
changes to s. 893.138, F.S., but the bill did not pass
into law. Those changes included clarifying that the
administrative penalties available to local governments
include the power to close nuisance properties for up to
1 year if necessary to abate drug-related, prostitution -
related, stolen -property -related or street -gang -related
public nuisances.
This bill also contained language that provided greater
notice to nonresident property owners. It requires a
nonresident owner be given a reasonable period of time
to abate the nuisance before the property is closed. The
property of a nonresident property owner that abates
the nuisance within a reasonable time or diligently
pursues legal action to abate the nuisance may not be
closed by the board. Such legal proceedings must be
initiated by the nonresident property owner on or
before the tenth day following a hearing in front of the
administrative board. The bill also provides that a
nonresident owner's opportunity to abate the nuisance
or take legal action against the nuisance may occur
before or after the hearing.
Notably, the bill also stipulates that a closure of
property constituting a public nuisance shall not
constitute a taking. This provision is in response to the
Keshbro decision discussed above. Discussion among
committee members during presentation of this bill
centered on the takings issue. In response to the
discussion, Senate amendment no. 165782 to Senate
Bill 2118 was adopted to provide that a board may, in
its discretion, allow a property that has been closed to
reopen if the property owner makes a showing that the
nuisance has been abated and the proposed occupants
are unlikely to maintain a nuisance on the property.
METHODOLOGY
Staff consulted with local government staff responsible
for assisting nuisance abatement boards and other
interested parties, including the representatives of
property owner associations. In addition, staff surveyed
Florida's 408 municipalities and 67 counties regarding
their use of nuisance abatement boards and received a
25% response rate. The survey of local governments
posed a series of questions as discussed below.
41 See id. at 876-77.
Nuisance Abatement
FINDINGS
Staff submitted a survey on nuisance abatement boards
to the municipalities and counties. The following are
the questions with a summary of responses.
Pursuant to s. 893.138, F.S., has your local
government created an administrative board for the
purpose of abating public nuisances?
Thirty-three respondents indicated they have created
such a board.
In what year did your local government create its
administrative board that addresses public nuisances?
Although s. 839.138, F.S., was not enacted until 1995,
a number of the respondent local governments had
already established nuisance abatement boards at that
time with one board dating back to 1980.
Since the administrative board's creation, please
estimate the number of properties that have been
temporarily closed as the result of an administrative
board action?
Most respondents reported that no properties were
closed as the result of a board's order. However, one
respondent indicated its board had temporarily closed
22 properties since its inception in 1989.
On average, how long have these properties remained
closed as the result ofan administrative board action?
The period of time properties remained closed by a
nuisance abatement board varied from 10 days to 365
days.
How many properties have been temporarily closed by
an administrative board action more than once?
Only one respondent indicated that a single property
have been closed more than once.
Of those properties that have been temporarily closed
more than once, what is the most number of times that
a property has been closed since the creation of the
administrative board?
The respondents indicated that a single property was
closed twice.
Have any of these temporary closures been the subject
of "takings " litigation? If the answer is yes, what were
the results of the litigation?
The majority of respondents indicated the board's
actions had not been the subject of takings litigation.
However, the nuisance abatement board for the City of
St. Petersburg has been involved in two appellate
cases. The Second District Court of Appeal found the
temporary closure of properties was a compensable
taking in both cases and required compensation.so
In addition, the City of Lakeland has experienced
several problems. First, a property owner petitioned the
circuit court for review contending the closure was a
compensable taking. The city counter -sued for
enforcement of the board's order. Although the court
denied review finding the order was based on
competent and substantial evidence, the court's
decision stated that it did not preclude the property
owner from filing a separate action for compensation.
The city did not pursue its enforcement order. In the
second instance, the city sued for enforcement of the
board's order and the property owner raised the issue
of a "taking without compensation". The property was
sold and the suit dismissed.
Another respondent became concerned by litigation in
a neighboring jurisdiction and suspended its board for a
3 -year period. During that period, the local
government's ordinance relating to nuisance abatement
was amended to provide for remedies other than
closure to abate a nuisance. Finally, at least one
respondent indicated it had considered establishing a
board, but decided against the idea because of concerns
over takings litigation and the potential liability.
In general, would you characterize the administrative
board as successful at abating public nuisances?
Please explain your answer.
Most respondents indicated the board was successful in
abating nuisances. Specifically, one reply stated that
property owners appearing before the board had sold,
renovated, or demolished the structure contributing to
the nuisance. Another respondent had a successful
board until the Keshbro and Kablinger cases and does
not think those decisions provide any guidance on
whether a particular closure constitutes a compensable
taking.
Those respondents that order specific remedies other
than closure have indicated this approach is successful
in abating nuisances. For example, Miami -Dade
County's nuisance abatement board has reached many
agreements that require property owners to provide
private security, install fencing and lighting to prevent
loitering, evict tenants committing illegal activities,
remove junk and trash from the property, and secure
" See City of St. Petersburg v. Bowen, 675 So. 2d 626
(Fla. 2d DCA 1996). See also City of St. Petersburg c.
Kablinger, 730 So. 2d 409 (Fla. 2d DCA 1999),
consolidated with Keshbro, 801 So. 2d 864 (Fla. 2001).
vacant properties. According to Miami -Dade County,
its ordinance has provided an opportunity for residents,
police officers, and county officials to develop
procedures for abating a particular nuisance and, thus,
requiring property owners to accept their responsibility
to prevent nuisances from occurring on their property.
Other respondents, including the Cities of Daytona
Beach, Delray Beach and Sanford, report that their
respective boards have been successful in gaining
compliance from almost all of the properties brought
before the board.
With regard to temporary closures, the Miami -Dade
County board has issued an order to close a property
only when the owner fails to comply with the
established plan to abate the nuisance or if requested by
the owner to facilitate the eviction of a tenant. If
necessary, the Miami -Dade County board orders
temporary closures of 30 days until the property owner
presents an acceptable plan to abate the nuisance. The
board credits its success in part to the process of
notifying a property owner of a possible nuisance prior
to the property being declared such and, therefore,
giving the owner a chance to correct the problem.
Would you recommend any changes to s. 893.138,
F.S.?
Respondents suggested amending s. 893. 138, F.S., to
do the following:
➢ provide that a temporary closure is not a
taking;
➢ provide a statement of legislative intent that
the state shall follow the decisions of the U.S.
Supreme Court on the issue of whether a
temporary closure of property constitutes a
compensable taking;
➢ allow for an administrative action against the
tenant committing the illegal activity;
➢ stipulate that local governments are not
precluded from including other types of
nuisance or criminal activities in their optional
ordinances;
➢ redefine "occasion" as any day there is
evidence that a criminal violation is an
ongoing violation (i.e., every day that
marijuana is cultivated);
➢ make entering or remaining on a premises
closed by board order a trespass under ch. 810,
F.S.;
➢ suspend the state license of a hotel/motel,
restaurant, or alcoholic beverage establishment
during the temporary closure;
Nuisance Abatement
➢ allow evidence of crimes other than drug or
prostitution activity when considering closure;
and
➢ clarify that a special master could be appointed
to hear nuisance complaints as opposed to an
administrative board.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Section 893.138, F.S., is being used successfully by a
number of local governments. The proposed changes to
this section recommended by the survey respondents
and discussed above may improve this provision of
law, but are not critical at this time.
Although the issue of whether a property temporarily
closed by a nuisance abatement order is a compensable
taking has been a concern for several local
governments, the Florida Supreme Court has held that
such a closure may constitute a taking in certain
circumstances. The Court's holding in Keshbro and
Kablinger requires a local government to demonstrate
that a temporary closure ordered by a nuisance
abatement board is narrowly tailored to abate the
nuisance. Essentially, the operation of the business
located at the property in question must be inextricably
intertwined with the illegal activity.
The Legislature should consider amending s. 893.138,
F.S., to allow a nuisance abatement board to reopen a
property upon a showing that the nuisance has been
abated and the proposed tenants are unlikely to
maintain a nuisance on the property.
Tacoma Municipal Code
corrected. If the condition has been corrected, the
case will be closed. If the condition has not been
corrected, a second Notice of Violation and
Abatement shall be sent or delivered in accordance
with subsection B above, and a civil penalty of $250
may be assessed. The monetary penalties for
violations of this chapter shall be as follows:
1. First civil penalty, $250;
2. Second and subsequent civil penalties, $500;
3. Civil penalties will continue to accumulate until
the condition is corrected, or, if the total assessed
penalty exceeds $1,000, an abatement proceeding
may be initiated. At such time that the assessed
penalty exceeds $1,000, a Certificate of Complaint
may be filed with the Pierce County Auditor to be
attached to the title of the property. A copy of the
Certificate of Complaint shall be sent to the Property
Owner and parties of interest, if different from the
Owner. If a civil penalty has been issued against a
property and the condition has not been corrected, a
utility restraint may be placed on the Property. The
restraint will not allow utility providers to provide
utilities to the building or Property. The utility
restraint shall be recorded with the Tacoma Public
Utilities Department or other utility providers. The
utility restraint may not be released until the building
or property is in compliance with the applicable code
and all sums owed to the City have been paid in full.
E. Each day that a property or person is not in
compliance with the provisions of this chapter may
constitute a separate violation of this chapter.
(Ord. 27536 § 2; passed Oct. 17, 2006)
8.30.150 Additional relief.
Nothing in this chapter shall preclude the City from
seeking any other relief, as authorized in other
provisions of the Tacoma Municipal Code.
Enforcement of this chapter is supplemental to all
other laws adopted by the City. (Ord. 27536 § 2;
passed Oct. 17, 2006)
8.30.160 Severability.
If any provision or section of this chapter shall be
held to be void or unconstitutional, all other parts,
provisions, and sections of this chapter not expressly
so held to be void or unconstitutional shall continue
in full force and effect. (Ord. 27536 § 2; passed
Oct. 17, 2006)
Chapter 8.30A
CHRONIC PUBLIC NUISANCE
Sections:
8.30A.010
Scope.
8.30A.020
Purpose.
8.30A.030
Chronic nuisance property defined.
8.30A.040
Definitions.
8.30A.050
Violation.
8.30A.060
Process.
8.30A.070
Administrative reviews by the Director.
8.30A.080
Appeals to the Hearing Examiner.
8.30A.090
Abatement.
8.30A.100
Judicial action.
8.30A.110
Additional relief.
8.30A.120
Summary closure.
8.30A.130
Collection of judgments.
8.30A.140
Severability.
8.30A.010 Scope.
This chapter addresses chronic nuisance properties
that are in violation of various chapters of the
Tacoma Municipal Code ("TMC") and continue to be
unresolved by normal compliance methods therefore
resulting in the necessary enactment of the provisions
of this chapter. Chronic nuisance properties present
grave health, safety, and welfare concerns, which the
property owners or persons in charge of such
properties have failed in taking corrective action to
abate the nuisance condition. Chronic nuisance
properties have a tremendous negative impact upon
the quality of life, safety, and health of the
neighborhoods where they are located. This chapter
is enacted to remedy nuisance activities that
repeatedly occur or exist at chronic nuisance
properties by providing a process for abatement; and
this remedy is not exclusive. Any remedy available
under any state or local laws may be used in lieu of
or in conjunction with the remedies under this
chapter.
Also, chronic nuisance properties are a financial
burden to the City by the repeated calls for service to
the properties because of the nuisance activities that
repeatedly occur or exist on such properties, and this
chapter is a means to ameliorate those conditions and
hold responsible the owners or persons in charge of
such properties. (Ord. 27153 § 1; passed Oct. 21,
2003)
8.30A.020 Purpose.
The purpose of this chapter is to protect the health,
safety, and welfare of the residents of the general
public by:
(Revised 09/2007) 8-60 Cit' Clerk's Off ce
A. Establishing standards for reducing criminal
activity and improving building condition.
B. Working in cooperation with property owners to
develop a plan of action to accomplish these goals.
C. Monitoring a plan of action to ensure the
reduction of calls for service and building conditions
improvements are sustained.
D. Establishing due process by which property
owners can appeal decisions if necessary.
E. Establishing civil penalties for failure to comply
with the plan of action.
F. Establishing a judicial process to abate properties
if necessary. (Ord. 27153 § 1; passed Oct. 21, 2003)
8.30A.030 Chronic nuisance property
defined.
A chronic nuisance property exists as a result of a
property owner omitting to perform a duty or
permitting an action or condition to occur or exist
which intrudes on the ability of neighbors or citizens
to use or enjoy their properties or public property
adjacent to where the nuisance occurs. Such chronic
nuisance properties include, but are not limited to:
A. Properties on which three or more nuisance
activities occur or exist within any 60 -day period.
Nuisance activities include, but are not limited to,
violation of the following laws and regulations:
TMC 3.05 Supplementary Life Safety Code;
TMC 8.12 Disorderly Conduct;
TMC 8.13 Obstructing Pedestrians or Traffic;
TMC 8.20 Intoxicating Liquor;
TMC 8.28 Narcotics;
TMC 8.29 Drug Paraphernalia;
TMC 8.30 Nuisances;
TMC 8.31 Vegetation and Litter;
TMC 8.32 Indecent Acts;
TMC 8.33 Urinating in Public;
TMC 8.46 Prostitution;
TMC 8.60 Unlawful Assembly;
TMC 8.66 Weapons;
TMC 8.72 Drug-related Loitering;
TMC 8.100 Gambling;
TMC 8.105 Domestic Violence;
TMC 8.106 Harassment;
TMC 8.108 Parking in Congested Areas;
TMC 8.109 Curfew Hours for Minors;
TMC 8.120 Graffiti;
Tacoma Municipal Code
TMC 8.140 Regulation of Purchase/Sale of
Ephedrine;
TMC 12.09 Solid Waste;
Uniform Fire Code Sections 2501.16.1 and
2501.16.3;
Gang related activity as defined in RCW 59.18.030;
and
Alcoholic beverage control violations as defined in
RCW 66.44.
Any attempt to commit and/or conspiracy to commit
any of the above activities, behaviors, or conduct
shall also be considered a nuisance activity.
B. A property that has a Certificate of Complaint or
over $1,000 in fines levied against the property, in
accordance with TMC 2.01 or 8.30, and at which the
property owner has failed to adhere to the agreed
upon schedule.
C. Properties with nuisance conditions, as defined by
state law, occurring on the property or upon the
adjacent right-of-way. (Ord. 27153 § 1; passed
Oct. 21, 2003)
8.30A.040 Definitions.
For purposes of this chapter, the following words or
phrases shall have the meaning prescribed below:
"Abate" means to repair, replace, remove, destroy, or
otherwise remedy a condition which constitutes a
violation of this chapter by such means and in such a
manner and to such an extent as the applicable City
department director, or designee, determines is
necessary in the interest of the general health, safety,
and welfare of the community.
"Control" means the ability to regulate, restrain,
dominate, counteract, or govern property or conduct
that occurs on a property.
"Director" shall include, but not be limited to, the
chiefs of the Police Department or Fire Department,
or directors of the Public Works Department, Finance
Department, or Health Department. The director of
the department may designate an individual to act in
his or her stead.
"Drug-related activity" means any unlawful activity
at a property which consists of the unlawful
manufacture, delivery, sale, storage, possession, or
giving away of any controlled substance, as defined
in RCW 69.50; illegal drug, as defined in
RCW 69.41; precursor drug, as defined in
RCW 69.43; or imitation controlled substances, as
defined in RCW 69.52.
"Landlord" means the owner, lessor, or subleasor of
the dwelling unit or the property of which it is a part,
Citi Clerk's Office 8-61 (Revised 09/2007)
Tacoma Municipal Code
and, in addition, means any person designated as a
representative of the landlord.
"Owner" means any person having any interest in the
real estate in question as indicated in the records of
the office of the Pierce County Assessor, or who
establishes, under this chapter, their ownership
interest therein.
"Person" means natural person, joint venture,
partnership, association, club, company, corporation,
business trust, or organization or the manager, lessee,
agent, officer, or employee of any of them.
"Person associated with a property" means any
person who, on the occasion of a nuisance activity,
has entered, patronized, or visited, or attempted to
enter, patronize, or visit, or waited to enter, patronize,
or visit a property or a person present on property,
including, without limitation, any officer, director,
customer, agent; or employee, or any independent
contractor of a property; or a person in charge of or
owner of a property.
"Person in charge" of a property means any person,
in actual or constructive possession of a property,
including, but not limited to, an owner, occupant,
agent, or property manager of a property under his or
her control.
"Premises" and "property" may be used by this
chapter interchangeably and means any building, lot,
parcel, dwelling, rental unit, real estate, or land, or
portion thereof, including property used as residential
or commercial property.
"Receiver" is a person appointed by a court or
judicial officer to take charge of a property during
the pending of a civil action or proceeding, or upon a
judgment, decree, or order therein, and to manage
and/or dispose of it as the court or officer may direct.
"Rental unit" means any structure or that part of a
structure, including, but not limited to, a single-
family home, room, or apartment that is rented to
another and used as a home, residence, or sleeping
place by one or more persons. (Ord. 27466 § 25;
passed Jan. 17, 2006: Ord. 27153 § 1; passed Oct. 21,
2003)
8.30A.050 Violation.
A. Any property within the City that is a chronic
nuisance property is in violation of this chapter and
subject to its remedies.
B. Any person in charge who permits property to be
a chronic nuisance property shall be in violation of
this chapter and subject to its remedies. (Ord. 27153
§ 1; passed Oct. 21, 2003)
8.30A.060 Process.
A. Upon failure to adhere to the Minimum Building
and Structures Code or the Nuisance Code, or when
chronic criminal activity is being tracked at a
particular address, the City may pursue enforcement
as a chronic nuisance.
B. The appropriate City department shall confirm the
presence of a chronic nuisance property. If it is
determined that the site is not a chronic nuisance, the
case will be closed.
C. If it is determined that the site is a chronic
nuisance, a Notice of Violation will be sent to the
owner of the property and the person in charge of the
property. The Notice of Violation shall contain:
1. The street address or a legal description sufficient
for identification of the property;
2. A concise description of the nuisance activities
that exist or that have occurred on the property;
3. A request that the owner or person in charge
respond to the appropriate department within ten
calendar days of service of the Notice of Violation to
discuss the nuisance activities and create a plan to
abate the chronic nuisance;
4. An offer to the person in charge of an opportunity
to abate the nuisance activities giving rise to the
violation; and
5. A statement describing that failure to develop or
comply with a plan of action may leave the property
subject to abatement that the owner or person in
charge is responsible for civil penalties up to $250
per day and that the owner or person in charge is
responsible for the costs of municipal services after
the Notice of Violation of the chronic nuisance
property is received.
D. Such Notice of Violation shall be either (a)
personally served or (b) delivered by first-class mail
and certified mail, return receipt requested, to the
person in charge of the property, with a copy mailed
to the owner at the address indicated by the Pierce
County Assessor if different than the person in
charge of the property.
E. If the person in charge responds, as required by
the Notice of Violation, and agrees to abate the
nuisance activity, the appropriate department and the
person in charge and/or property owner may work
out an agreed upon plan of action which would abate
the nuisance activity. If an agreed upon plan of
action does not result in the abatement of the
nuisance activities or if no agreement concerning
abatement is reached, the owner and/or person in
charge of the property may be subject to civil
(Revised 09/2007) 8-62 City Clerk's Office
penalties. Up to three community stakeholders may
be called upon by the appropriate director to
participate in the review, negotiation, and monitoring
of the action plan. One of the community
stakeholders may be recommended by the property
owner.
F. The plan of action may include, but not be limited
to, items such as education for the owner or person in
charge of the property, physical improvements for
crime prevention, security for the property, and other
items necessary to abate the chronic nuisance
property. The plan must include specific time frames
in which items will be completed.
G. The monetary penalties for violations of this
chapter shall be as follows:
1. First civil penalty
$125
2. Second and subsequent civil
penalties
$250
Civil penalties will continue to accumulate until the
plan of action is in place or, if the total accessed
penalties exceed $1,000, a Certificate of Complaint
may be filed with the Pierce County Auditor to be
attached to the title of the property. A copy of the
Certificate of Complaint shall be sent to the property
owner and parties of interest if different from the
owner.
If over $1,000 in fines is levied or if the property
owner or person in charge fails to adhere to a plan of
action, the full costs of municipal services may be
charged to the owner.
H. Each day that a property or person is not in
compliance with the provisions of this chapter may
constitute a separate violation of this chapter.
(Ord. 27153 § 1; passed Oct. 21, 2003)
8.30A.070 Administrative reviews by the
Director.
A. General. A person, firm, or corporation to whom
a Notice of Violation for a chronic nuisance(s) or a
civil penalty is assessed may request an
administrative review of the Notice of Violation or
the first civil penalty.
B. How to Request an Administrative Review. A
person, firm, or corporation may request an
administrative review of the Notice of Violation for
the first civil penalty by filing a written request with
the director of the department or division listed as the
contact in the Notice of Violation within ten calendar
days of the notification date of violations or the date
of the first assessed civil penalty. The request shall
state, in writing, the reasons the director should
Tacoma Municipal Code
review the Notice of Violation or the issuance of the
civil penalty. Failure to state the basis for the review,
in writing, shall be cause for dismissal of the review.
Upon receipt of the request for administrative review,
the director shall review the information provided.
C. Decision of the Director. After considering all of
the information provided, the director shall determine
whether a violation has occurred and shall affirm,
vacate, suspend, or modify the Notice of Violation
for the nuisance(s) or the amount of any monetary
penalty assessed. The director's decision shall be
either (a) personally served or (b) delivered by first-
class mail and certified mail, return receipt requested,
to the person in charge of the property, with a copy
mailed to the owner at the address indicated by the
Pierce County Assessor if different than the person in
charge of the property. (Ord. 27153 § 1; passed
Oct. 21, 2003)
8.30A.080 Appeals to the Hearing Examiner.
Appeals of the director's decision shall be made to
the Hearing Examiner within ten calendar days of the
receipt of the director's decision. Upon receipt of a
properly filed appeal, the Hearing Examiner shall set
a hearing date and the appellant shall be notified of
the hearing date by either (a) personal service or
(b) delivery by first-class mail and certified mail,
return receipt requested, to the person in charge of
the property, with a copy mailed to the owner at the
address indicated by the Pierce County Assessor if
different than the person in charge of the property.
The Hearing Examiner shall issue a Findings of Fact
and Order based on the hearing, in writing, delivered
to the appellant by first-class mail and certified mail,
return receipt requested. (Ord. 27153 § 1; passed
Oct. 21, 2003)
8.30A.090 Abatement.
After an enforcement action is taken and civil
penalties have been assessed in excess of $1,000, the
property is subject to abatement by the City in the
manner authorized by law. (Ord. 27153 § 1; passed
Oct. 21, 2003)
8.30A.100 Judicial action.
A. The City Attorney may initiate legal action on the
chronic nuisance property and seek abatement of the
nuisance in Pierce County Superior Court.
B. In determining whether a property shall be
deemed a chronic nuisance property and subject to
the court's jurisdiction, the City shall have the initial
burden of proof to show, by a preponderance of the
evidence, that the property is a chronic nuisance
property. The City may submit official police reports
and other affidavits outlining the information that led
Cir• Clerk's Office 8-63 (Revised 09/2007)
Tacoma Municipal Code
to arrest(s) and other chronic nuisance activity
occurring or existing at the property. The failure to
prosecute an individual, or the fact no one has been
convicted of a crime, is not a defense to a chronic
nuisance action.
C. Once the court determines the property to be a
chronic nuisance under this chapter, the court may
order any other relief deemed appropriate to abate the
chronic nuisance activity. The City will request that
the court consider: (a) the actions taken by the
person in charge and/or owner to mitigate or correct
the nuisance activity; (b) the repeated or continuous
nature of the nuisance activity; (c) the statements of
the neighbors or those affected by the nuisance
activity; (d) costs for personnel in the pursuit of
bringing the property into compliance; and (e) any
other factor deemed relevant by the court.
D. If the court determines the property to be a
chronic nuisance property, the court may order the
property to be abated by the City or may order the
property into a receivership, in accordance with
RCW 7.60.
E. Once a determination has been made by the court
that the chronic nuisance property may be subject to
abatement, the court may authorize the City to
physically abate the property. Costs for such
abatement shall be submitted to the court for review.
The City shall file a formal lis pendens notice when
an action for abatement is filed in the Pierce County
Superior Court.
F. If the court orders the property into a receivership,
the court shall appoint a receiver and shall define the
terms of the receivership based on the recommenda-
tions provided by the City.
G. Pierce County Superior Court shall retain juris-
diction during any period of closure or abatement of
the property. (Ord. 27153 § 1; passed Oct. 21, 2003)
8.30A.110 Additional relief.
The director may seek any legal or equitable relief,
such as utilization of RCW 9.66, 7.48, or 7.48A, at
any time to mitigate violations referenced in
TMC 8.30A.030. The director may also request
revocation of the property owner's business license.
(Ord. 27153 § 1; passed Oct. 21, 2003)
8.30A.120 Summary closure.
Nothing in this chapter prohibits the City from taking
any emergency action for the summary closure of
such property when it is necessary to avoid an
immediate threat to public welfare and safety. The
City may take summary action to close the property
without complying with the notification provisions of
TMC 8.30A.030, but shall provide such notice as is
reasonable under the circumstances. (Ord. 27153
§ 1; passed Oct. 21, 2003)
8.30A.130 Collection of judgments.
If the person cited fails to pay a penalty imposed
pursuant to this chapter, the penalty costs and costs
for municipal services may be referred to a collection
agency. The cost to the City for the collection
services will be assessed as costs, at the rate agreed
upon between the City and the collection agency, and
added to the judgment. Alternatively, the City may
pursue collection in any other manner allowed by
law. (Ord. 27153 § 1; passed Oct. 21, 2003)
8.30A.140 Severability.
If any portion of this ordinance, or its application to
any person or circumstances, is held invalid, the
validity of the ordinance as a whole, or any other
portion thereof, or the application of the provision to
other persons or circumstances is not affected.
(Ord. 27153 § I; passed Oct. 21, 2003)
(Revised 09/2007) 8-64 Ciry Clerks Office
July 4, 2001 OFFICIAL GAZETTE, SPOKANE, WASH. 461
ORDINANCE NO C-32855
An ordinance relating to the abatement of chronic nuisance
properties; adding a new chapter, SMC 10.08A.
Whereas, the City Council has determined that a small
percentage of persons who own or control real property in this
City have allowed their property to be used for illegal purposes
or have otherwise failed to properly maintain their property,
and such property has become a chronic nuisance property
which has created a significant impact upon the living conditions
in the city's neighborhoods and has raised justifiable concerns
about public safety; and
Whereas, the City Council has determined that chronic
nuisance properties interfere with the comfort, health, solitude
and quality of life of the individuals residing in the
neighborhood, and lower the value of surrounding properties;
and
Whereas, the City Council has determined that existing laws
have not sufficiently encouraged such persons to take
reasonable steps to abate the nuisances that their property is
creating;
Whereas, the City Council has determined that enhanced
penalties will give such property owners additional incentives
to ameliorate the problems that their property is creating, and
that some property owners will never act responsibly unless their
property is subject to such abatement procedures;
Whereas, chronic nuisance properties create a negative
financial impact upon City services by numerous calls for service
from various City departments
The City of Spokane does ordain:
That there be added a new chapter, SMC Chapter 10.08A,
to read as follows:
10.08A.010 Purpose
Chronic nuisance properties present grave health, safety and
welfare concerns, which the property owners or persons in
charge of such properties have failed to take corrective action
to abate the nuisance condition. Chronic nuisance properties
have a tremendous negative impact upon the quality of life,
safety and health of the neighborhoods where they are located.
This chapter is enacted to remedy nuisance activities that
repeatedly occur or exist at chronic nuisance properties by
providing a process for abatement; and this remedy is not an
exclusive remedy available under any state or local laws and
may be used in conjunction with such other laws.
Also, chronic nuisance properties are a financial burden to
the city by the repeated calls for service to the properties
because of the nuisance activities that repeatedly occur or exist
on such property, and this chapter is a means to ameliorate
those conditions and hold responsible the owners or persons in
charge of such property.
462 OFFICIAL GAZETTE, SPOKANE, WASH. July 4, 2001
10.08A.020 Definitions
For purposes of this chapter, the following words or phrases
shall have the meaning prescribed below:
(1) "Abate" means to repair, replace, remove, destroy, or
otherwise remedy a condition which constitutes a violation
of this chapter by such means and in such a manner and to
such an extent as the applicable city department director or
designee determines is necessary in the interest of the general
health, safety and welfare of the community;
(2) "Control" means the ability to regulate, restrain,
dominate, counteract or govern property, or conduct that
occurs on a property;
(3) "Chronic nuisance property" means property on which
three or more nuisance activities occur or exist during any
sixty-day period;
(4) "Drug-related activity" means any unlawful activity at
a property which consists of the manufacture, delivery, sale,
storage, possession, or giving away of any controlled
substance as defined in chapter 69.50 RCW, legend drug as
defined in chapter 69.41 RCW, or imitation controlled
substances as defined in chapter 69.52 RCW;
(5) "Landlord" means the owner, lessor, or subleasor of
the dwelling unit or the property of which it is a part, and in
addition, means any person designated as a representative
of the landlord;
(6) "Nuisance activity" means and includes:
(a) a nuisance as defined by state law or local
ordinance occurring around or near the property; or
(b) any of the following activities, behaviors or
criminal conduct:
(i) stalking, SMC 10.11.060;
00 harassment, SMC 10.11.070 through 072 and
SMC 10.11.079;
(iii) failure to disperse, SMC 10.10010;
(iv) disorderly conduct, SMC 10.10.020;
(v) assault, SMC 10.11.010, including d.v. assault,
SMC 10.09;
(vi) reckless endangerment, SMC 10.11.020;
(vii) prostitution, SMC 10.06.030;
(viii) patronizing a prostitute, SMC 10.06.010;
(ix) disorderly house, as defined by SMC 10.06.010;
(x) indecent exposure, SMC 10.06.025;
(xi) lewd conduct, SMC 10.06.020;
(xii) any firearms violation listed in SMC 10.11.042
through 10.11.050;
(xiii) noise, SMC 10.08.020;
(xiv) loitering for the purpose of engaging in drug
related activity, SMC 10.15.020;
(xv) drug related activity;
(xvi) gang related activity (as defined in
RCW 59.118.030), and
(xvii) any attempt to commit and/or conspiracy to
commit any of the above activities, behaviors or conduct;
(7) "Owner" means any person having any interest in the
real estate in question as indicated in the records of the office
of the Spokane County Auditor, or who establishes under
this chapter, their ownership interest therein;
(8) "Person" means natural person, joint venture,
partnership, association, club, company, corporation,
business trust, organization, or the manager, lessee, agent,
officer or employee of any of them;
(9) "Person associated with a property" means any person
who, on the occasion of a nuisance activity, has entered,
patronized, visited, or attempted to enter, patronize or visit,
or waited to enter, patronize or visit a property or a person
present on property, including without limitation, any officer,
director, customer, agent, employee, or any independent
contractor of a property, or a person in charge of or owner
of a property;
(10) "Person in charge" of a property means any person,
in actual or constructive possession of a property, including
but not limited to an owner, occupant, agent, or property
manager of a property under his or her control;
(11) "Premises and property" may be used by this chapter
interchangeably and means any building, lot, parcel, dwelling,
rental unit, real estate or land or portion thereof including
property used as residential or commercial property;
(12) "Rental unit" means any structure or that part of a
structure, including but not limited to single family home,
room or apartment, which is rented to another and used as a
home, residence, or sleeping place by one or more persons;
10.08A.030 Violation
(1) Any property within the City of Spokane which is a
chronic nuisance property is in violation of this Chapter and
subject to its remedies; and
(2) Any person in charge who permits property to be a
chronic nuisance property shall be in violation of this chapter
and subject to its remedies.
10.08A.040 Procedure
(1) When the Chief of Police, or his designee, receives
police documentation confirming the occurrence of three or
more nuisance activities within a sixty day period on the
property, the Chief of Police, or his designee, may review
such reports to determine whether they describe the nuisance
activities enumerated in 10.08A.020. Upon such a finding,
the Chief of Police, or his designee, shall notify a property
owner at the address shown on the County Auditor records
and shall notify the person in charge of the property in
writing that the property is in danger of being declared a
chronic nuisance property.
(2) The notice shall contain:
(a) the street address or a legal description sufficient
for identification of the property;
(b) a concise description of the nuisance activities
that exist, or that have occurred on the property;
July 4, 2001 OFFICIAL GAZETTE, SPOKANE, WASH. 463
(c) a demand that the owner or person in charge
respond to the chief or his designee within ten days of
service of the notice to discuss the nuisance activities and
create a plan to abate the chronic nuisance;
(d) offer the person in charge an opportunity to abate
the nuisance activities giving rise to the violation; and
(e) a statement describing that if legal action is
sought, the property could be subject to closure, civil
penalties and/or costs assessed up to one hundred dollars
per day after the notice of the chronic nuisance property
is received.
(3) Such notice shall be either (a) personally served, or
(b) delivered by first class mail to the person in charge of
the property with a copy mailed to the owner at the address
indicated by the Spokane County Auditor, if different than
the person in charge of the property.
(4) If the person in charge fails to respond to the notice
within the time prescribed, the Chief of Police, or his
designee shall post such notice at the property and issue the
person in charge a class one civil infraction. If the person in
charge fails to respond to the issued infraction the matter
shall be referred to the Office of the City Attorney for further
action.
(5) If the person in charge responds as required by the
notice and agrees to abate the nuisance activity, the Chief of
Police, or his designee, and the person in charge and/or
property owner, may work out an agreed upon course of
action which would abate the nuisance activity. If an agreed
course of action does not result in the abatement of the
nuisance activities or if no agreement concerning abatement
is reached, the matter shall be forwarded to the Office of
the City Attorney for enforcement action.
(6) It is a defense to an action for chronic nuisance
property that the person in charge at all material times could
not, in the exercise of reasonable care or diligence, determine
that the Property had become chronic nuisance property, or
could not in spite of the exercise of reasonable care and
diligence, control the conduct leading to the determination
that the property is chronic nuisance property.
10.08A.050 Commencement of Action - Enforcement
(1) Once the matter is referred to the City Attorney, the
City Attorney shall immediately review and make a
determination to initiate legal action authorized under this
chapter or state statute, or may seek alternative forms of
abatement of the nuisance activity. The City Attorney may
initiate legal action on the chronic nuisance property and
seek civil penalties and costs in superior court for the
abatement of the nuisance.
(2) In determining whether a property shall be deemed a
chronic nuisance property and subject to the court's
jurisdiction, the City shall have the initial burden of proof
to show by a preponderance of the evidence that the property
is a chronic nuisance property. The City may submit official
police reports and other affidavits outlining the information
that led to arrest(s), and other chronic nuisance activity
occurring or existing at the property. The failure to
prosecute an individual, or the fact no one has been convicted
of a crime is not a defense to a chronic nuisance action.
(3) Once a superior court determines the property to be a
chronic nuisance under this Chapter the court may impose a
civil penalty against any or all of the persons in charge of
the property and/or the owner of the property, and may order
any other relief deemed appropriate. A civil penalty may be
assessed for up to one hundred dollars per day for each day
the nuisance activity continues to occur following the date
of the original notice by the Chief of Police, or his designee,
as described in SMC 10.08A.040. In assessing the civil
penalty, the court may consider the following factors, citing
to those found applicable: (a) the actions taken by the person
in charge and/or owner to mitigate or correct the nuisance
activity; (b) the financial condition of the persons in charge;
(c) the repeated or continuous nature of the nuisance activity;
(d) the statements of the neighbors or those affected by the
nuisance activity; and (e) any other factor deemed relevant
by the court.
(4) The superior court which determined the property to
be a chronic nuisance property shall also assess costs against
the person in charge and/or owner in the amount it costs the
City to abate, or attempt to abate, the nuisance activity.
(5) If the superior court determines the property to be a
chronic nuisance property, the superior court shall order the
property closed and secured against all unauthorized access,
use and occupancy for a period up to one year, and may
impose a civil penalty and costs.
(6) Once a determination has been made by the superior
court that the chronic nuisance property shall be subject to
closure the court may authorize the City to physically secure
the premises and initiate such closure. Costs for such closure
shall be submitted to the Court for review. Any civil penalty
and/or costs awarded to the City may be filed with the city
treasurer who shall cause the same to be filed as a lien on
the property with the County Treasurer. The City shall file
a formal lis pendens notice when an action for abatement is
filed in the superior court.
(7) The superior court shall retain jurisdiction during any
period of closure or abatement of the property.
(8) Spokane Municipal Court is to have jurisdiction of all
civil infractions issued pursuant to this chapter.
10.08A.060 Summary Closure
Nothing in this chapter prohibits the City from taking any
emergency action for the summary closure of such property
when it is necessary to avoid an immediate threat to public
welfare and safety. The City may take summary action to close
the property without complying with the notification provisions
of Section 10.08A.030, but shall provide such notice as is
reasonable under the circumstances.
10.08A.070 Severability
If any portion of this ordinance, or its application to any
person or circumstances, is held invalid, the validity of the
ordinance as a whole, or any other portion thereof, or the
application of the provision to other persons or circumstances
is not affected.
10.08A.080 Sunset Clause
This provision shall be repealed three years from the date
of adoption, unless reauthorized by the City Council.
Passed by the City Council June 25,2001
ROB HIGGINS, Council President
TERRI L. PFISTER, City Clerk
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CITY COUNCIL WORKSHOP MEETING
CITY HALL ANNEX
111 Polk Avenue, Cape Canaveral, Florida
TUESDAY
July 10, 2007
5:30 PM
MINUTES
CALL TO ORDER:
ROLL CALL:
Council Members Present:
Mayor Pro Tem
Bob Hoog
Council Member
Leo Nicholas
Council Member
Buzz Petsos
Mayor
Rocky Randels
Council Member
Shannon Roberts
Others Present:
City Manager Bennett Boucher
City Clerk Susan Stills
Assistant City Attorney Kate Latorre
Building Official Todd Morley
DISCUSSION:
1. Chronic Nuisance Ordinance.
Prior to start of discussion, Mr. Boucher distributed a flow chart from the City Attorney's
office related to the discussion. Attorney Latorre explained how a Code Enforcement
action and a chronic nuisance violation might progress concurrently. She stated that a
user fee was attached to the chronic nuisance violation in order to recoup for the
services of law enforcement intervention.
Mayor Pro Tem Hoog read the heading of an Ordinance amending Chapter II, Article VI
of the City code regarding Code Enforcement creating a new division regarding Chronic
Nuisance properties.
Ms. Roberts recommended inserting language related to the City's quality of life as
one of the intents as one the Ordinance purposes. Discussion concluded to place
language related to quality of life in the WHEREAS provisions. Ms. Roberts
questioned the meaning of Purpose and Intent. Attorney Latorre explained that the
City of Cape Canaveral, Florida
City Council Workshop Meeting
Chronic Nuisance Ordinance
July 10, 2007
Page 2 of 6
WHEREAS clauses would not be codified in the City code; however, the Purpose and
Intent would be codified. Attorney Latorre recommended placing the language in both
portions. Mayor Pro Tem Hoog clarified that "quality of life" language would be
added to the first sentence of Section 2-292., Purpose and Intent.
Mayor Pro Tem Hoog reviewed Section 2-293., Definitions. Ms. Roberts suggested
adding an "s" to the terms, law enforcement and code enforcement officer under the
definition for Consumption of Law Enforcement Services. Mr. Nicholas questioned the
meaning of, "other then at the convenience of the law enforcement agency or the city
code enforcement office." Attorney Latorre explained that if the officer was in the
routine course of duty and noticed a code enforcement infraction, then no
inconvenience to service was imposed. Mr. Nicholas explained that some code
enforcement action was still required which resulted in use of service. Mr. Petsos
stated that the code enforcement action would probably occur during the weekday and
not during the days of a nuisance call such as on the weekend.
Ms. Joyce Hamilton stated that the City already had a False Alarm Ordinance and this
would impose a second fine as a nuisance. Todd Morley, Building Official, explained
that the Code Enforcement services were performed on a drive-by basis. He requested
that the Council allow for a one-time occurrence unless Code Enforcement was called
out on a violation. Mr. Boucher explained how several types of criminal violations, such
as a false alarm, a domestic violence incident, or a narcotics complaint, could occur
during one month at one unit.
Mr. Petsos stated that the City has a successful False Alarm code and it should stand
alone. Ms. Roberts pointed out how at some large complexes, as the City Manager
said, multiple violations were possible. Attorney Latorre stated that the City ordinance
allows for three false alarm occurrences in any one year, in which emergency services
were called out, before any fines were imposed.
Duree Alexander, Code Enforcement Officer, explained that a call from a resident
established the nuisance activity. Mr. Boucher pointed out that the definition for Incident
of Service established the different type of service calls for law enforcement or code
enforcement. Mr. Boucher clarified his proposed amendment to the definition for
Consumption of Law Enforcement Services, at the third line, end -of -sentence: add a
period after "alleged to be existing upon the property" and strike out the remainder of
the sentence.
Mayor Pro Tem Hoog asked for clarification on an "identifiable" unit. Attorney Latorre
explained the difficulty of taking action on a violator when a unit might not be identifiable
at the location of the call. Council members discussed the "third parties." Attorney
Latorre responded that this was a judgment call on an officer's part. Mr. Boucher
confirmed for Mr. Nicholas that every dispatched law enforcement call was documented.
Ms. Alexander explained that she submits her calls in a software program; she also logs
City of Cape Canaveral, Florida
City Council Workshop Meeting
Chronic Nuisance Ordinance
July 10, 2007
Page 3 of 6
in Incident Reports as well as calls from the City's E -Better Place citizen complaint
process from the web site.
Mayor Pro Tem Hoog questioned the resulting action for a property that had a
percentage of renters and owners. Attorney Latorre replied that the City would contact
the property owner related to the unit. Discussion followed on the types of ownership.
Mr. Morley suggested inserting the word "real" before the word property in Incident of
Service as was done in Unit of Real Property.
Ms. Roberts stated her concern with the 30 -day time in the Monthly Period definition.
Ms. Latorre explained that the unit of time related to any 30 -day period, from date to
date, not a calendar month.
Mayor Pro Tem Hoog proceeded to the definition for Nuisance Activity. Harry Pearson,
Planning and Zoning Board Member, related to previous discussion that used the City of
Sanford ordinance which included misdemeanors and felonies under its list of nuisance
activity. He stated that arson was not a nuisance activity. Mayor Pro Tem Hoog and
Mr. Petsos agreed. Attorney Latorre explained how recurring crime was a nuisance to
the neighbors. There was no intent to prosecute arson before the Code Enforcement
Board. Mr. Nicholas asked if prostitution at a property also constituted a nuisance.
Attorney Latorre replied that the City has a Code provision to prosecute violations of its
code as a public nuisance which could be applied in this instance. Discussion followed
on relief for a neighbor of nuisance activity.
Attorney Latorre stated that her flowchart was intended to depict the complete realm of
prosecution efforts. She explained how the Ordinance was a tool to impose a user fee
related to law and code enforcement services. Mr. Pearson stated that this Ordinance
generated from the short-term rental discussion wherein nuisance activity was said to
have occurred. He said that he did not realize that the City was seeking to address
felonies through this Ordinance. Ms. Roberts pointed out that this was previously
discussed as a solution to any one who disturbed the peace.
Ms. Roberts also suggested including growing marijuana. Attorney Latorre replied that
she believed "manufacturing" was relative to growing marijuana. Ms. Roberts
suggested another category related to feeding or harboring animals, such as feral cats
or peacocks, which could become a nuisance to neighbors. Mr. Boucher stated that the
the condominium associations handled the matter for their premises within their
regulations. Ms. Roberts went on record and stated that feeding wildlife was a public
safety and health issue for the City.
Mr. Morley pointed out that perhaps there were statutory definitions that exist for the
items on the enumerated list. Attorney Latorre explained that the list was just an
example of what could constitute a nuisance activity and the Ordinance was written
"broadly" to allow the City to address what it considers a nuisance activity. Ms. Roberts
City of Cape Canaveral, Florida
City Council Workshop Meeting
Chronic Nuisance Ordinance
July 10, 2007
Page 4 of 6
pointed out that the issues of violation could relate to the person as well as the property.
Attorney Latorre reminded that this Ordinance was written to address repeat nuisance
properties and subject to a civil citation. She stated that the Civil Citation Ordinance
would address someone feeding wildlife. Mr. Boucher clarified that this Ordinance,
Chronic Nuisance, related to service usage; the next Ordinance, Civil Citation, would
relate to a penalty for a violation. Mayor Pro Tem Hoog made note to include
"domestic animals" to Item Number (11) and the City Attorney could draft
nuisance language related to wildlife.
Mayor Pro Tem proceeded to Item Number (12) in the enumerated list under Nuisance
Activity. Ms. Robert asked if the property's amenities, such as a swimming pool were
included in Item 12. Attorney Latorre replied that a swimming pool was covered under
land. On the next item, Production or Creation of Excessive Noise or Vibration, Ms.
Roberts asked what this item covered. Mr. Boucher replied to Ms. Roberts that there
was a Statute that covered her concern related to motor cycle revving. Mayor Pro Tem
Hoog stated that this could also be addressed through the Condominium Association.
Mayor Pro Tem Hoog proceeded to, Loitering. Ms. Hamilton questioned if it were illegal
to sit on one's own property and drink an alcoholic beverage outdoors. Mayor Pro Tem
Hoog replied that this was permissible as long as the person remained on their own
property and their behavior was not unruly which became subject to law.
Ms. Roberts asked why alcohol was not included in Item No. (18). Attorney Latorre
stated that this was covered in Item No. (15) and drugs were included in Item No. (9).
Mr. Boucher replied to Ms. Roberts that Item No. (20) addressed a property owner that
continued to keep junk vehicles on his premises. Mr. Morley addressed No. (22) and
requested to replace the word "this" with the word "City" before code. Attorney Latorre
agreed that she could specify that the Ordinance related to the City code chapter
for Code Enforcement.
Attorney Latorre explained how the, Person Associated With, provision was intended to
prohibit nuisance persons from entering a property.
Mayor Pro Tem Hoog proceeded to Section 2-294., Monthly Allowance of Services;
User Charges, Service Fees Imposed. Ms. Roberts stated her concern with the
sufficiency of the 30 -day period as they relate to short-term rentals. Secondly, Ms.
Roberts requested to reduce the number of calls to two within a 30 -day period. Mr.
Petsos pointed out that this would allow up to three calls per month and for violations
twice per month. Mr. Petsos also noted that short-term rental might constitute another
classification.
Mayor Pro Tem Hoog stated that three calls were too many within a 30 -day period and
a fine at the fourth call; however, he did not agree with up to a fifth call but a revocation
of license. Discussion brought out three calls per year. Mr. Boucher referred to Sub-
City of Cape Canaveral, Florida
City Council Workshop Meeting
Chronic Nuisance Ordinance
July 10, 2007
Page 5 of 6
paragraph (e) and the provision which called for fines of a $500.00 service fee charged
to the property owner for calls after the fifth violation.
Mr. Boucher reminded that this Ordinance would also apply to hotels and businesses
too and it was difficult to revoke hotel licenses using a City Ordinance. Mr. Nicholas
stated that a more stringent Code would bring about the intent to maintain the City's
residential character. Ms. Roberts stated that one of the things that would bring about
license revocation was reaching a threshold and Council would need to determine that
threshold. Attorney Latorre clarified that the City could only revoke their
Certificate of Non -Conforming Status. The City could not revoke their State
Resort -Dwelling license; however, the City could impose a fine under this
Ordinance.
Ms. Roberts stated that she thought those Resort Dwellings in the non -C-1 zoning
district would fall under the revocation of license provision. Ms. Roberts stated that if it
were not defined in this Ordinance, then there was no provision to revoke their license.
Mr. Boucher clarified that the Council was not prosecuting under this Ordinance.
Mr. Morley clarified that discussion was not for revoking the State license but for the
Non -Conforming Status. Mr. Morley also pointed out that vacant property was not
included in types of properties. He questioned why the differentiation service calls when
calls would occur at any type of property. Attorney Latorre replied that they could
remove the Table inset on Page five. Discussion followed on the amount of the fine.
Attorney Latorre advised against becoming too severe in the penalties.
Attorney Latorre referred to the Resort Dwelling and Resort Condominium Ordinance
relating to losing non -conforming status when a person violated the three times within
one-year rental provision. Attorney Latorre read the provision related to the City
Manager taking lawful action which included seeking injunctive relief.
Attorney Latorre explained how Section 2-295, Notification of the Nuisance Activity
Procedures, was procedural to noticing the violator. Discussion ended in the
agreement to strike the word "may" in the third sentence and insert the word
"shall" to read "the City Manager shall notify the property owner."
Mayor Pro Tem Hoog read the four instances of what the Notice shall contain. [Copy of
the proposed attached.] Discussion clarified that the violator was required to file an
Appeal within ten days of the Notice and the City Manager would have within 30 days to
make a final decision. Ms. Roberts questioned Section 2-298 in which the City
Manager's determination would be final. Attorney Latorre explained that the City
Manager's final decision was based on the whether or not three infractions had
occurred. This would set the fining process in motion. Attorney Latorre stated that
the Appeals process in Section 2-298 would be clarified in the next Draft.
City of Cape Canaveral, Florida
City Council Workshop Meeting
Chronic Nuisance Ordinance
July 10, 2007
Page 6 of 6
Mayor Pro Tem Hoog read Section 2-296. Attorney Latorre replied to Ms. Roberts that
the Lien was based on non-payment of the fine. Ms. Roberts referred to past instances
of Liens and stated how staff time and Attorney's fees were also included as
Administrative cost along with in those imposed Liens.
Mr. Morley responded that the purpose of the fine was to cover Administrative costs
involved in enforcement. Attorney Latorre explained that this was an Administrative fee
based on the user charge. Ms. Roberts stated that there was a cost to the community
for the nuisance upon reaching this stage. Mr. Boucher responded that Ms. Robert's
recommendation would defer to the penalty structure and emphasized that this was a
cost recovery action.
Mayor Pro Tem Hoog read Section 2-297. Ms. Roberts requested to strike Section
2-297, Exemptions, in its entirety. Attorney Latorre informed that this was one of the
provisions in the model Ordinance. Council members agreed by consensus to
strike Section 2-297, Exemptions, from this Ordinance.
Mayor Pro Tem Hoog made note that discussion would skip Section 2-298, Appeals, in
order for the City Attorney's office to amend the language.
Mayor Pro Tem Hoog read Section 2-299. Reports: Administrative Rules. Attorney
Latorre explained that this would allow the City Manager to develop Administrative
Rules. Mayor Pro Tem Hoog recommended changing the word "Rules" to
"Procedures."
Mr. Petsos pointed out that parking and excessive vehicles were not on the enumerated
list of Page 4. Attorney Latorre clarified that those were included in Item No. (22) since
these were already included in the City code. Mr. Boucher reiterated that the Chronic
Nuisance Ordinance did not provide for a penalty but was an Administrative action for
law enforcement and code enforcement service use. Attorney Latorre reminded that the
Civil Citation would count toward the user fee. Mr. Boucher replied to Ms. Roberts that
an applicant would make the Appeal to the Council for loss of Non -Conforming Use
Status.
ADJOURNMENT:
There being no further business, the Chair adjourned the meeting at 8:15 P.M.
Susan Stills, CMC, CITY CLERK
CITY COUNCIL WORKSHOP MEETING
WITH THE PLANNING & ZONING BOARD
CITY HALL ANNEX
111 Polk Avenue, Cape Canaveral, Florida
TUESDAY
August 28, 2007
5:30 PM
MINUTES
CALL TO ORDER:
ROLL CALL:
Council Members Present:
Mayor Pro Tem
Bob Hoog
Council Member
Leo Nicholas
Council Member
Buzz Petsos
Mayor
Rocky Randels
Council Member
Shannon Roberts
Planning: & Zoning
Members Present:
Chairperson
Bea McNeely
Vice -Chairperson
Lamar Russell
Board Member
John Fredrickson
Board Member
Donald Dunn
Board Member
Harry Pearson
Alternate Board Member
John Johanson
Others Present:
City Attorney
Kate Latorre
City Manager
Bennett Boucher
Building Official
Todd Morley
Code Enforcement Officer
Duree Alexander
BCSO
Lt. Jeff Ludwig
Recording Secretary
Kim McIntire
DISCUSSION:
1. Proposed Chronic Nuisance Ordinance and Civil Citation Proeram
Mayor Randels thanked Mayor Pro Tem Hoog for chairing the July 10 workshop meeting in the
discussion of the proposed Chronic Nuisance Ordinance and Civil Citation Program. He stated the
purpose of this evening's workshop was to solicit input from the Sheriff's Department. He explained that
the proposed ordinance and program were not replacing Code Enforcement. The intent is to shorten up
the process.
Mr. Boucher commended Mayor Pro Tem Hoog for guiding everyone through the review of the entire
ordinance at the last workshop meeting. He said copies of the revision to the draft ordinance from the
first workshop meeting had just been received from the City Attorney's Office dated July 31, 2007, and
copies had been provided for this evening. The proposed ordinance allows for two service calls within a
one-year period with a $250 fine for the third service call and a $500 fine for all service calls thereafter
for single-family resident or duplex, multi -family residences including apartments, hotels & motels and
businesses. Mr. Boucher asked for law enforcement perspective before the frequency thresholds are
finalized.
Lt. Ludwig advised that the Sheriff s Office had prepared a Calls for Service report for Cape Caribe,
Residence Inn and the Radisson for the period of January 1, 2006 to July 19, 2007 for City Council's
review.
Lt. Ludwig walked City Council and the P&Z Board through the service call process starting with the
original complaint to the BCSO Operator to the Dispatcher to the Deputy. Mayor Randels asked how the
system works with cell phones. Lt. Ludwig responded that the Sheriff's Department works with GPS
components through the phone company.
Lt. Ludwig said one problem with the proposed two service calls within a one-year period is that
individuals may need a third service call; however, they don't want to be fined and, therefore, will not
contact the Sheriff's Department. This is not what the Sheriff s Department wants to happen.
Councilmember Nicholas opined that certain businesses will not place service calls because they don't
want to get a reputation with the Sheriff's Department; specifically, bars. He said if the City was going to
impose fines on the City's businesses, how were the businesses located at the port going to be handled.
Mayor Randels asked Lt. Ludwig what can the City do to help reduce the number of complaints. Lt.
Ludwig responded that each service call is unique. His biggest concern is that people will not call if the
City Council establishes a threshold of two service calls per a one-year period.
Lamar Russell reminded everyone of the original intent of the proposed chronic nuisance ordinance which
was to address resort dwellings within the residential neighborhoods. Large traffic areas (hotels,
businesses), resulted in more service calls. The biggest flaw in the ordinance is that commercial areas are
included, and he recommended they be removed.
Representatives from Cape Caribe, Residence Inn and the Radisson all stated that a majority of service
calls were generated from within their respective complexes. Mr. John Grandlich, Cape Caribe, stated
that the issue of "noise" was subjective.
Discussion followed regarding noise caused by businesses in the commercial areas that abut residential
areas; i.e., Waste Management trucks servicing Cape Caribe in the early morning and Wendy's and Circle
K receiving deliveries at night. Mayor Randels added that the time of the nuisance was relevant.
Mr. Russell opined that the only leverage the City needs is through the Occupational Licenses; excessive
business complaints can be taken up by the City Council. He restated that the proposed ordinance should
only be applied to the residential areas. Council Member Petsos agreed.
Lt. Ludwig stated that the problem with noise complaints was that very rarely does the deputy hear
anything when he arrives on site. Affidavits are required by neighbors; however, many times the citizens
will not cooperate for fear of retaliation. Citizens need to work more closely with the Sheriff's Office.
P&Z Members Dunn and Pearson agreed that some of the items listed in the proposed ordinance should
not be included; i.e., battery. Mr. Pearson reminded that the P&Z Board had recommended three service
calls within a 30 -day period; however, the proposed ordinance had been revised by the city attorney. He
questioned if the City was becoming too severe.
The Residence Inn representative advised that their foot traffic averages 6,000/month which should allow
for more service calls.
John Grandlich advised that Cape Caribe paid an exorbitant amount of impact fees and together with foot
traffic, these parameters should justify the need for a higher number of service calls than the residential
units. He said respective property owners should address nuisance situations among themselves prior to
contacting the Sheriff's Office.
City Manager Boucher felt this would be the appropriate time to begin discussing the Civil Citation
Program and asked City Council to review the draft ordinance dated June 21, 2007. The eight items listed
under Sec. 2-283 may be enforced by the issuance of a civil citation by the code enforcement officer.
Attorney Latorre explained that civil citations can be issued to the offending party immediately. She said
the proposed ordinance is an alternate way to remedy a code enforcement issue. Deputies must witness
the violation before issuing a civil citation. Attorney Latorre reviewed the eight items listed under Sec. 2-
283 and discussion followed. Mayor Randels opined that the City currently has a manageable false alarm
process in place. Code Enforcement Officer Alexander stated that there were a few businesses that have
been fined by the Code Enforcement Board because they did not pay their false alarm fine.
Code Enforcement Officer Alexander opined that the current Notices of Violation are a good tool;
however, it is a long process from start to finish.
Discussion followed regarding Notices of Violation being issued to resort dwellings that are operating
prior to obtaining their Certificate of Non -Conformance. City Manager Boucher stated that a case needs
to be built with sufficient evidence and said the fire chief has not recommended that any resort dwelling
be shut down.
City Council requested that the Sheriff's Department prepare a report on all service calls for the previous
year throughout the City.
City Manager Boucher asked council to look at the Civil Citation Program and decide how much they
want to empower to the code enforcement officer. The next workshop meeting will be September 13,
2007.
Mayor Randels thanked Lt. Ludwig for his feedback.
ADJOURNMENT:
There being no further business, Mayor Randels adjourned the meeting at 7:40 pm.
Kim M. McIntire, Recording Secretary
CITY COUNCIL WORKSHOP MEETING
WITH THE PLANNING & ZONING BOARD
CITY HALL ANNEX
111 Polk Avenue, Cape Canaveral, Florida
THURSDAY
September 13, 2007
5:30 PM
CALL TO ORDER:
ROLL CALL:
Council Members Present:
Mayor Pro Tem
Bob Hoog
Council Member
Leo Nicholas
Council Member
Buzz Petsos (Arrived at 6:40 pm)
Mayor
Rocky Randels
Council Member
Shannon Roberts
Planning & Zoning
Members Present:
Chairperson
Bea McNeely
Vice -Chairperson
Lamar Russell
Board Member
John Fredrickson
Board Member
Donald Dunn
Board Member
Harry Pearson
Alternate Board Member
John Johanson
Others Present:
City Attorney
Kate Latorre
City Manager
Bennett Boucher
Building Official
Todd Morley
Code Enforcement Officer
Duree Alexander
BCSO
Lt. Jeff Ludwig
Recording Secretary
Kim McIntire
Mayor Randels explained that the minutes from the August 28, 2007 meeting were still being transcribed
as there were technical difficulties in retrieving the recording from the digital recorder in a timely manner.
Mayor Randels thanked Joyce Hamilton for providing the refreshments at this evening's meeting.
DISCUSSION:
1. Civil Citation Code
Mayor Randels stated that the purpose of this meeting was to review the Civil Citation Ordinance as
recommended by the Code Enforcement Board. He stated that fireworks and unlicensed contractors were
currently enforced through civil citations and the Code Enforcement Board was proposing that seven
additional areas of concern be included: alarm systems (currently in the code), environment, animals,
garage sales, swimming pool enclosures, rental restrictions on dwelling units and numbering of buildings.
Mayor Randels stated that the city manager was recommending that that City Council move forward to
the first reading with any suggested modifications from this workshop.
Mayor Randels read the heading of the proposed ordinance and stated this was completely separate and
apart from the proposed chronic nuisance ordinance. The civil citation ordinance would allow violators to
be put on notice immediately through a citation without having to go through the code enforcement
process and the procedures dealing with civil citations have been in place since 2004 and were contained
within Section 2, 283-285. Mayor Randels stated that the proposed ordinance was in addition to and not
in lieu of the current code enforcement process.
Ms. Roberts had a concern with regard to fireworks and the inability/willingness of the BCSO to issue
citations to persons in violation of the code. Lt. Ludwig replied that the deputy must personally witness
the infraction, which was extremely difficult, and the code stated that individuals were entitled to one
warning. Ms. Roberts stated that the City of Cocoa Beach did not issue warnings, but immediately issued
citations. Mayor Randels read the e-mail from the city manager of Cocoa Beach which stated they did
not have a policy of a first warning; if the violator were caught, they were immediately ticketed.
However, it was difficult to determine in a group which individual actually set off the fireworks. The city
simply confiscated all the fireworks. In July, they issued two citations and confiscated fireworks from six
groups.
City Attorney Garganese affirmed that Florida law required a warning notice for the issuance of citations
except for a serious threatiharm to the public safety, health or welfare or if the offense were
irreparable/irreversible.
Lt. Ludwig pointed out it was not illegal to possess fireworks; only illegal to discharge fireworks.
Ms. Roberts asked if "animals" included dogs on the beach. Ms Alexander replied that the Code
Enforcement Board's discussion did not include dogs on the beach. Mr. Boucher stated that Chapter 14
dealt with bees, sea turtles and the City's adoption of the Brevard County Animal Control Ordinance.
Everything listed in that ordinance would be subject to a civil citation. Lt. Ludwig stated that all animal
complaints received by the Communications Center were immediately dispatched to a deputy for
enforcement. He stated that the deputy must personally witness a dog on the beach with its owner in
order to issue a citation. He also said the deputies were not required to give a warning with the current
animal control citations. Mr. Garganese agreed that animal control was different and advised that the City
may not want to include animal control in the proposed ordinance.
Mayor Randels proceeded to "environment" and the city manager listed the items contained in this
element as illegal distribution of handbills, litter, noise, property maintenance standards,
building/landscape/sign appearance, weeds and dead vegetation, abandoned property and spillover
lighting.
Discussion followed on whether civil citations would be issued with "daily" or "reasonable time"
compliance factors. Mayor Randels said this issue was already addressed in Section 2-287, Repeat
Violations. Additionally, the code enforcement officer has a reasonable amount of discretion in dealing
with repeat offenders.
In response to Ms. Roberts question regarding payments of fines, Mayor Randels stated that the procedure
was spelled out in Section 2-289 which was adopted and has been a part of the City's code for three years.
In response to Ms. Roberts question regarding back-up for all the items except "alarm systems", the city
manager responded that he had provided council with the existing codes that had penalties assigned to
them. However, he was recommending that alarm systems be removed because there was an existing
code that addressed this issue. The city manager acknowledged that council should have received a copy
of Chapter 34-14, which addressed multiple issue items.
Mayor Randels proceeded to "garage sales". Following discussion and input from the code enforcement
officer, City Council concurred that "garage sales" be included in the proposed ordinance.
Mayor Randels proceeded to "swimming pool enclosures". It was clarified that "enclosure" referred to a
protective barrier around the pool. Following discussion and input from the building official and code
enforcement, City Council concurred that "swimming pool enclosures" be included in the proposed
ordinance.
Mayor Randels proceeded to "numbering of buildings". The city attorney said this included numbering of
buildings and property, establishing a numbering system and maintenance of the numbering system. The
city attorney confirmed for Ms. Roberts that the City had an established numbering system which is
overseen by the building official. Following input from the code enforcement officer, City Council
concurred that "numbering of buildings" be included in the proposed ordinance.
The city manager and city attorney recommended that Article I, Bees, and Article 11I, Sea Turtles, be
included in the proposed ordinance and tabling Article II, Adoption of the county's animal control
ordinance.
Mayor Randels returned to the elements contained within "environment". Lt. Ludwig stated the deputies
needed an affidavit in order to cite a noise violation. The city attorney stated there were two different
standards: the reasonableness standard which was more subjective and the decibel type standard which
was far more objective, but more difficult to establish. He explained the lengthy procedure required in
order to prepare a decibel standard ordinance. There was concurrence that the City should utilize
reasonableness standard for the noise element.
Ms. Roberts asked about odor/air quality; Ms. Alexander replied this was defined in Section 34 under the
definition of nuisance as "everything that endangers life or health and is offensive to the senses". The
city attorney
Mr. Garganese confirmed for Mr. Hoog that the resort dwelling ordinance applied to the property owner
receiving the citation. Mr. Hoog asked the renter caused a problem, who would receive the citation - the
renter or the property owner. Debate followed regarding this being included in the Civil Citation Program
or falling within the Resort Dwelling ordinance. If City Council adopted Item 2, Chronic Nuisance
Ordinance on the agenda, both renter and owner of resort dwelling would be citied.
Ms. Roberts questioned the timing and fining of violations. Mayor Randels pointed out the framework
has been in place per Section 2-287.
Mr. Boucher explained the citation program is an aid for the code enforcement officer to obtain
compliance without going through the entire code enforcement process. The chronic nuisance ordinance
was based on frequency of events.
Mr. Hermanson did feel the Chronic Nuisance Code was necessary and recommended that only the Civil
Citation Code be adopted. Mr. Petsos opined that the owner of the resort dwelling had to be held
accountable somewhere. Mr. Hermanson responded they would be held accountable through the Civil
Citation Code as it would give the code enforcement officer additional ammunition.
Discussion followed regarding the difficulty in applying these ordinances across the board throughout the
City; the need to put "teeth" into the Civil Citation Program; certain areas within the City where the
owners don't care.
Civil Citation program will give the code enforcement the authority to cite property owners who are
illegally renting their resort dwellings. This is a Class W violation, resulting in a $500 fine. Ms. Roberts
did feel the $500 fine was severe enough; she believed the establishments should be shut down. Mr.
Petsos said this program gave the City the tool to cite the owners immediately.
Mr. Boucher remarked first reading on the Civil Citation Code would be 10/2 with second reading on
10/16. He said the eight violations was a good way to start with the program and said it may need to be
tweaked in the future.
Council asked the city manager to bring the Civil Citation Code forward for first reading on 10/2. Mr.
Garganese addressed Ms. Roberts concerns linking the two ordinances.
2. Chronic Nuisance Code
This was recommended on June 25, 2007. Mayor Randels summarized discussions to date. There was
concern regarding application of this code to hotels and calls that were generated internally vs. externally.
Lt. Ludwig summarized his findings on the Radisson, Cape Caribe and Country Inn & Suites from 1/6/06
to 7/07. Cape Caribe had one external, off premise animal complaint; three external fireworks
complaints. Country Inn & Suites had one external animal complaint. Radisson had one external fight
complaint.
Mayor Randels did not feel there was a problem with the above three establishments that the City was
attempting to regulate.
How can Jeannie by the Sea be judged the same as hotels; Buzz suggested only external calls be
addressed; he likes a higher level then three calls per year for the businesses and condos; good to look at a
sliding scale, residential vs. commercial; Shannon asked why is an internal call any less significant than a
single family dwelling complaint; address frequency of calls.
Lamar says the chronic nuisance is 1,2,3 and you're out and then apply the civil citation.
Bob said we are trying to approve an ordinance that penalizes the property owner.
The low rent areas of the city are the cause of the problem; apply the nuisance code where needed.
Bob said the civil citation ordinance through code enforcement and deputy is good; it will be difficult to
equally apply the chronic nuisance ordinance.
Buzz said the sole reason for the chronic nuisance ordinance was to address resort dwellings.
Rocky said chronic nuisance ordinance may not be necessary now; maybe a citation will work; maybe the
resort dwelling ordinance will work; maybe we are workshopping something that doesn't need to be
addressed.
Shannon feels there is a need for the chronic nuisance ordinance.
Discussion: put the civil ordinance in place; put the resort dwelling ordinance in place; evaluate after six
months; Lamar: just the threat of a nuisance ordinance being put in place may be enough.
Shannon: don't want to diminish a residential community next to a commercial community; Rocky said
this situation exists throughout the entire City.
Council tasked staff with obtaining the frequency of calls, small vs. large properties, for next workshop
meeting.
Buzz doesn't feel council is ready to go to first public hearing; of the 24 items, all are addressed by code
enforcement and deputies.
Rocky acknowledged Roger Dobson as recipient of Entrepeneur of the Year.
Bennett announced Code Review next Tuesday at 5:30 pm; 10-2-07 will be first reading of civil citation
ordinance.